Table 3.

Correlations between kinematic/kinetic parameters and body mass

	Symmetrical gaits		Asymmetrical gaits: leading limbs		Asymmetrical gaits: trailing limbs
	Ground	Pole	Ground	Pole	Ground	Pole
Speed	0.152	0.015	–0.020	0.567	–0.019	0.318
Froude number	0.071	–0.027	–0.162	0.382	–0.164	0.238
Joint kinematics
Forelimb	0.289	0.141	–0.374	0.275	0.051	–0.136
Arm	0.205	–0.213	–0.397	–0.101	–0.021	–0.578
Elbow	–0.038	–0.418	–0.002	–0.446	–0.298	–0.638
Wrist	0.076	0.145	–0.462	0.434	0.303	0.305
Hindlimb	0.493	0.189	0.047	0.466	0.135	0.218
Thigh	0.225	0.286	0.105	0.489	0.167	0.204
Knee	0.118	–0.211	–0.235	–0.054	–0.120	–0.061
Ankle	0.201	–0.192	–0.077	0.127	0.077	–0.051
Force vectors
FL magnitude	–0.411	–0.495	–0.449	0.024	–0.402	–0.454
FL angle	–0.328	–0.032	0.621	–0.221	–0.141	0.107
HL magnitude	0.754	0.250	0.285	0.310	0.214	–0.075
HL angle	–0.178	–0.134	0.094	–0.427	–0.205	–0.055
Joint load arms
Shoulder	–0.059	–0.115	–0.244	–0.176	0.079	0.058
Elbow	0.128	0.367	0.203	0.319	0.194	0.470
Wrist	–0.085	–0.105	–0.305	–0.221	–0.049	–0.227
Hip	0.505	0.154	0.326	0.236	–0.020	0.226
Knee	–0.329	0.045	0.030	–0.177	0.227	–0.169
Ankle	0.295	0.144	0.246	0.115	–0.119	0.171
Joint moments
Shoulder	–0.102	–0.172	–0.335	–0.046	0.125	0.061
Elbow	0.016	0.205	–0.028	0.404	0.300	0.318
Wrist	–0.099	–0.178	0.049	0.045	0.111	–0.262
Hip	0.673	0.329	0.428	0.312	0.181	0.275
Knee	–0.085	0.053	0.198	–0.103	0.467	–0.150
Ankle	0.730	0.452	0.439	0.415	0.286	0.295

Bivariate correlations are shown for speed/Froude number versus body mass. All other correlations are partial correlations between the indicated parameter and body mass, controlling for speed. Bold print indicates significance (P<0.05)

FL, forelimb; HL, hind limb