Table 2.
Unadjusted bone mineral density, bone change, and prevalence of osteoporosis and fractures by sex and ankle–brachial index groups
| MEN | WOMEN | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ABI > 0.9 (n = 456) | ABI ≤ 0.90 (n = 70) | P value | ABI > 0.9 (n = 680) | ABI ≤ 0.90 (n = 124) | P value | |||||
| Mean (SD) | Percentage (%) | Mean (SD) | Percentage (%) | Mean (SD) | Percentage (%) | Mean (SD) | Percentage (%) | |||
| BMD | ||||||||||
| Total hip | 0.953 (0.149) | 0.928 (0.163) | 0.19 | 0.797 (0.137) | 0.771 (0.143) | 0.06 | ||||
| Femoral neck | 0.760 (0.134) | 0.722 (0.130) | 0.03 | 0.653 (0.112) | 0.637 (0.128) | 0.15 | ||||
| Bone changea | ||||||||||
| Total Hip | −0.47 (0.98) | −0.61 (1.37) | 0.47 | −0.52 (1.26) | −0.86 (1.35) | 0.05 | ||||
| Femoral neck | −0.31 (1.50) | −0.45 (1.70) | 0.60 | −0.33 (1.86) | −0.30 (1.36) | 0.88 | ||||
| Osteoporosis | ||||||||||
| Total hip | 8.1 | 8.7 | 0.51 | 17.6 | 25.4 | 0.04 | ||||
| Femoral neck | 35.5 | 43.5 | 0.20 | 48.5 | 59.2 | 0.03 | ||||
| Fractures | ||||||||||
| Vertebral | 9.1 | 2.9 | 0.08 | 13.0 | 14.8 | 0.60 | ||||
| Nonvertebralb | 6.9 | 4.5 | 0.33 | 11.6 | 13.6 | 0.55 | ||||
| Incidenta,b | 8.6 | 5.7 | 0.56 | 8.5 | 11.9 | 0.40 | ||||
aFor the 322 men and 515 women who returned for the follow-up visit
bIncludes fragility fractures at the hip, femur, forearm, and wrist