Table 2.
Group Performance for Smooth Pursuit and Prosaccade and Antisaccade Metrics
| Ketamine Users (SD) | Schizophrenia Patients (SD) | Polydrug Control Subjects (SD) | Non-Drug-Using Control Subjects (SD) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Smooth Pursuit | Main Effects and Interaction | |||||
| 5° Velocity Gain | 1.00 (.05) | .96 (.07)a | 1.01 (.05) | 1.00 (.04) | Target Speed | |
| [F(2,149) = 27.12, p < .001] | ||||||
| 10° Velocity Gain | .99 (.06) | .96 (.07)a | 1.01 (.06) | 1.00 (.04) | Group | |
| [F(3,70) = 4.06, p = .010] | ||||||
| 20° Velocity Gain | .95 (.11) | .87 (.11)a | .98 (.06) | .97 (.06) | Target Speed × Group | |
| [F(6,140) = 1.67, p = .130] | ||||||
| Prosaccades | F(3,73) | p Value | ||||
| Latency (msec) | 153.01 (21.50) | 168.34 (56.50) | 151.27 (21.59) | 166.00 (19.01) | 1.10 | .355 |
| Primary Saccade Gain | .94 (.06) | .92 (.06) | .94 (.05) | .96 (.06) | 1.85 | .150 |
| Final Eye Position | 1.0 (.01) | .93 (.20) | 1.0 (.00) | 1.0 (.02) | 2.71c | .440 |
| Antisaccades | F(3,73) | p Value | ||||
| Latency (msec) | 264.31 (39.80) | 377.29 (99.70)b | 267.31 (29.09) | 282.29 (48.57) | 14.58 | <.001 |
| Primary Saccade Gain | 1.29 (.41) | .84 (.47)b | 1.28 (.58) | 1.02 (.53) | 3.67 | .016 |
| Final Eye Position | 1.25 (.34) | .97 (.25)a | 1.36 (.56) | 1.27 (.52) | 10.91c | .012 |
Measures are mean (SD).
a
< .05 for comparisons schizophrenia versus ketamine, polydrug versus ketamine, and control versus ketamine.
b
< .01 for comparisons schizophrenia versus ketamine, polydrug versus ketamine, and control versus ketamine.
c
Kruskall Wallis χ2 approximation for nonparametric data.