Fig. 4.
Effects of shear stress on PMN tethering frequency, adhesion efficiency, and melanoma extravasation at fixed shear rates. A and B: N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine-stimulated PMNs (1 × 106 cells/ml) were perfused into a parallel plate chamber together with tumor cells (1 × 106 cells/ml). C: extravasation of C8161 melanoma cells with PMNs at three shear rates with media at three different viscosities. All error bars are means ± SE for n ≥ 3 and tethering data were corrected for cell flux as described by Rinker et al. (16) and Munn et al. (14). #P > 0.05 compared with 1.0 cP case; +P > 0.05 compared with 2.0 cP case.