Table 6.

Summary of NSAID CYP2C8 clinical pharmacogenetic–pharmacokinetic studies.

Drug	Study description	Sample size and genotype distributions	PK results in relation to CYP2C8 genotype	Covariates	Ref.
Ibuprofen	400 mg single-dose PK	CYP2C8*1/*1, n = 9 CYP2C8*1/*3, n = 10 CYP2C8*3/*3, n = 6	↓R-ibuprofen CL ↑ in *1/*3 and *3/*3 vs *1/*1	CYP2C9 genotype was also determined for each subject	[68]
Ibuprofen	400 mg single-dose PK	CYP2C8*1/*1, n = 93 CYP2C8*1/*3, n = 35 CYP2C8*3/*3, n = 2	↓Ibuprofen CL in *1/*3 and *3/*3 vs *1/*1 ↓R- and S-ibuprofen CL with *3 allele vs *1/*1	CYP2C9 genotype was also determined for each subject	[69]
Ibuprofen	600 mg single-dose PK (cross-over bioequivalence study	CYP2C8*1/*1, n = 43 CYP2C8*1/*2, n = 3 CYP2C8*1/*3, n = 11 CYP2C8*1/*4, n = 10 CYP2C8*3/*3, n = 2	↑R-ibuprofen CL in *1/*3 vs *1/*1	CYP2C9 genotype was also determined for each subject Weight-adjusted clearance was also assessed	[70]
Diclofenac	50 mg single-dose PK	CYP2C8*1/*1, n = 71 CYP2C8*1/*3, n = 19 CYP2C8*1/*4, n = 7 CYP2C8*3/*3, n = 5	↑Urinary ratio of parent to metabolite in *3 and *4 carriers vs *1/*1	None reported	[73]
Tenoxicam	20 mg single-dose PK (cross-over bioequivalence study)	CYP2C8*1/*1, n = 10 CYP2C8*1/*3, n = 5 CYP2C8*1/*4, n = 2 CYP2C8*3/*3, n = 1	No association between CYP2C8 polymorphisms and PK	Analysis of variance which included confounders such as age, sex, menstrual cycle phase, body weight and formulation of drug CYP2C9 genotype was also determined for all subjects	[77]

CL: Oral clearance; PK: Pharmacokinetics.