Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study participants by quartile of LVPMR
| Variable | LVPMR quartiles, W/kg |
p value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| quartile 1 (1.0–6.7) (n = 229) | quartile 2 (6.7–9.2) (n = 230) | quartile 3 (9.2–12.0) (n = 229) | quartile 4 (12.0–38.0) (n = 230) | ||
| Age, years | 69 ± 11 | 67 ± 10 | 66 ± 11 | 65 ± 11 | <0.0001 |
| Male sex | 197 (86%) | 182 (79%) | 193 (84%) | 190 (83%) | 0.2 |
| Body mass index | 29 ± 5 | 29 ± 5 | 28 ± 5 | 27 ± 5 | 0.0006 |
| Body surface area, m2 | 2.0 ± 0.2 | 2.0 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 0.04 |
| Ethnicity | 0.1 | ||||
| White | 142 (62%) | 129 (56%) | 132 (58%) | 154 (67%) | |
| Black | 33 (14%) | 47 (21%) | 33 (14%) | 30 (13%) | |
| Asian | 27 (12%) | 22 (10%) | 31 (14%) | 27 (12%) | |
| Other | 27 (12%) | 31 (14%) | 33 (14%) | 19 (8%) | |
| Hypertension | 181 (79%) | 169 (73%) | 161 (71%) | 130 (57%) | <0.0001 |
| Myocardial infarction | 134 (59%) | 120 (52%) | 125 (55%) | 106 (46%) | 0.05 |
| Chronic heart failure | 66 (29%) | 35 (15%) | 29 (13%) | 20 (9%) | <0.0001 |
| Stroke | 39 (17%) | 32 (14%) | 31 (14%) | 22 (10%) | 0.1 |
| Diabetes | 70 (31%) | 70 (30%) | 50 (22%) | 37 (16%) | 0.0004 |
| Revascularization | 150 (66%) | 127 (55%) | 141 (62%) | 136 (59%) | 0.1 |
| Current smoking | 51 (22%) | 48 (21%) | 49 (21%) | 33 (14%) | 0.1 |
| LVEF | 59 ± 11 | 62 ± 10 | 63 ± 8 | 64 ± 8 | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic dysfunction | 0.2 | ||||
| Impaired relaxation | 121 (80%) | 124 (86%) | 106 (80%) | 110 (85%) | |
| Pseudonormal | 28 (18%) | 16 (11%) | 18 (14%) | 13 (10%) | |
| Restrictive | 4 (3%) | 4 (3%) | 9 (7%) | 6 (5%) | |
| LV mass, g | 225 ± 58 | 198 ± 57 | 177 ± 41 | 156 ± 35 | <0.0001 |
| LVMI, g/m2 | 114 ± 27 | 100 ± 25 | 92 ± 19 | 81 ± 17 | <0.0001 |
| LVESV, ml | 47 ± 33 | 39 ± 24 | 39 ± 22 | 37 ± 20 | <0.0001 |
| LVEDV, ml | 108 ± 44 | 98 ± 34 | 102 ± 35 | 99 ± 31 | 0.01 |
| Stroke volume, ml | 60 ± 18 | 59 ± 16 | 63 ± 17 | 62 ± 17 | 0.2 |
| Heart rate, min−1 | 65 ± 11 | 68 ± 12 | 68 ± 12 | 68 ± 12 | 0.01 |
| Mean arterial pressure, mm Hg | 92 ± 12 | 94 ± 12 | 94 ± 11 | 93 ± 12 | 0.4 |
| Exercise capacity, METS | 5.4 ± 2.5 | 6.8 ± 3.0 | 7.8 ± 2.8 | 9.5 ± 3.5 | <0.0001 |
| Current β-blocker use | 166 (72%) | 142 (62%) | 127 (55%) | 100 (43%) | <0.0001 |
| log NTproBNP | 5.8 ± 1.4 | 5.2 ± 1.2 | 5.0 ± 1.2 | 4.7 ± 1.1 | <0.0001 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dl | 102 ± 34 | 103 ± 29 | 104 ± 35 | 106 ± 35 | 0.6 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dl | 43 ± 12 | 46 ± 13 | 46 ± 15 | 49 ± 15 | <0.0001 |