Table 2.

Multivariable Prediction of 18-year Incidence of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 1 Diabetes (n=426).

	Men (n=213, 103 events)		Women (n=213, 103 events)
Variable	HR	95% CI	HR	95% CI
HGB (g/dl)	1.29	1.08–1.54	NA
HGB quadratic (g/dl)	N/A		1.10	1.00–1.20
HbA1c (%)	1.30	1.14–1.49	1.32	1.16–1.50
Albumin Excretion	1.34	1.20–1.50	NS
Rate (μ/min)*
DBP (mm Hg)	1.03	1.00–1.05	2.28	1.02–5.07
SBP (mm Hg)	NS		1.03	1.01–1.05
Fibrinogen (mg/dL)	NS		1.00	1.00–1.01

^*Natural logarithmically transformed before analysis N/A=not applicable N/S=not selected HGB=hemoglobin HbA1c=glycosylated hemoglobin A1c DBP=diastolic blood pressure SBP=systolic blood pressure

The following variables were also made available for multivariable analyses in the stepwise selection model: diabetes duration, body mass index, non-HDL cholesterol, white blood cell count, fibrinogen, and hypertension medication.