Table 5.

Association of aortic sclerosis with cardiovascular outcomes

Outcome	Unadjusted		Adjusted for Age and Variables in Table 3*		Adjusted for All Potential Confounders†		Further Adjusted for Potential Mediators‡
	HR (95% CI)	p Value	HR (95% CI)	p Value	HR (95% CI)	p Value	HR (95% CI)	p Value
MI	1.8 (1.1–3.1)	0.02	1.9 (1.1–3.3)	0.03	2.4 (1.3–4.7)	0.007	2.4 (1.3–4.8)	0.009
Angina pectoris	1.3 (0.9–2.0)	0.16	1.1 (0.7–1.6)	0.77	1.3 (0.8–2.1)	0.22	1.2 (0.7–1.9)	0.48
HF	2.0 (1.3–3.1)	0.003	1.6 (1.0–2.7)	0.08	1.5 (0.8–2.7)	0.20	1.6 (0.9–3.0)	0.13
CHD	1.2 (0.5–2.7)	0.63	1.3 (0.5–3.2)	0.62	1.0 (0.4–2.9)	0.98	1.2 (0.4–3.9)	0.31
All-cause mortality	1.5 (1.1–2.2)	0.02	1.4 (0.9–2.2)	0.10	1.2 (0.8–1.9)	0.38	1.2 (0.7–1.9)	0.46

^*Adjusted for age, statin medications, systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, peak aortic transvalvular velocity, mitral annular calcium, and mitral A-wave velocity.

^†Adjusted for age; height; race; hypertension; history of MI; smoking; use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, and statin medications; body mass index; low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide; systolic and diastolic blood pressure; creatinine clearance; and echocardiographic variables (diastolic function, A-wave velocity, and E/A ratio).

^‡Adjusted for all listed variables plus inducible ischemia, after-exercise wall motion score index, and valvular variables (peak aortic transvalvular velocity and mitral annular calcium).