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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Nov 17.
Published in final edited form as: Res Soc Work Pract. 2009 Mar 1;19(2):152–164. doi: 10.1177/1049731507303886

Table 1.

Prevalence and Frequency of Use of REAL and Other Strategies in the Last 30 Days, for Total Sample, Males, and Females

Total Sample Males only Females Only
Strategy Percent Using Strategy Mean Frequency Used Strategy Std. Dev. Mean Frequency Used Strategy Std. Dev. Mean Frequency Used Strategy Std. Dev.
Alcohol Refuse 57.9% 1.24 1.25 1.39** 1.32 1.05 1.13
Explain 57.9% 1.20 1.23 1.29 1.28 1.08 1.17
Avoid 52.1% 1.12 1.25 1.20* 1.29 1.01 1.20
Leave 51.1% 1.05 1.21 1.09 1.27 1.01 1.13
Other 53.1% 1.12 1.24 1.19 1.27 1.02 1.19
N 309 309 176 133

Cigarettes Refuse 67.6% 1.50 1.28 1.52 1.31 1.48 1.24
Explain 62.4% 1.39 1.28 1.39 1.30 1.40 1.25
Avoid 43.5% 0.92 1.20 1.00 1.24 0.82 1.14
Leave 40.8% 0.87 1.18 0.95 1.22 0.76 1.14
Other 52.6% 1.12 1.24 1.16 1.28 1.07 1.20
N 306 306 175 131

Marijuana Refuse 58.1% 1.40 1.37 1.46 1.40 1.31 1.34
Explain 56.7% 1.39 1.37 1.41 1.38 1.37 1.38
Avoid 66.5% 1.65 1.35 1.61 1.37 1.71 1.34
Leave 61.3% 1.51 1.37 1.50 1.39 1.53 1.35
Other 57.0% 1.40 1.38 1.49 1.38 1.29 1.37
N 284 284 265 119
*

Significant gender differences at p < .05

**

Significant gender differences at p<.01