Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Apr 15.
Published in final edited form as: J Cell Biochem. 2009 Apr 15;106(6):992–998. doi: 10.1002/jcb.22078

Fig. 1. Targeting of tumor cells by S. typhimurium A1-R in vitro.

Fig. 1

XPA1 human pancreatic cancer cells labeled with RFP in the cytoplasm and GFP in the nucleus [Yamamoto et al., 2004] were grown in 24-well tissue culture plates. Bacteria were added to the tumor cells (1 × 105 CFU per well). After 1 h of incubation at 37°C, the cells were rinsed and cultured in medium containing gentamycin sulfate (20 μg/ml) to kill external but not internal bacteria. Interaction between bacteria and tumor cells was observed at the indicated time points under fluorescence microscopy. (A to D) GFP-expressing S. typhimurium A1-R was able to invade and replicate intracellularly in the dual-color XPA1 cell line in vitro. The cytopathic effects of A1-R on XPA1 cells after infection were visible using dual-color fluorescence. Intracellular bacterial infection leading to eventual cell fragmentation and cell death was observed. Bars, 20 μm.