Table 1.

Histological assessment of the liver and islet after transplantation.

A. Comparison among each time points in histological changes.
	At transplantation (POD0)	Early stage (POD2)	Late stage (POD28)
	(n=73)	(n=34)	(n=25)
Liver: Necrosis	0/73 (0±0)	23/34 (0.68±0.08)*§	0/25 (0±0)
Liver: Hypoxia	0/73 (0±0)	24/34 (0.71±0.08)*§	0/25 (0±0)
Liver: Apoptosis	2/73 (0.03±0.02)	25/34 (0.74±0.08)*§	0/25 (0±0)
Islet: Cellular Infiltration	0/73 (0±0)	15/34 (0.44±0.09)*§	0/25 (0±0)
Islet: Apoptosis (%)	5.65±2.04	62.00±7.41*§	0±0

B. Comparison between necrotic / non-necrotic area in islet size, portal vein diameter and percentage of islet size and portal vein diameter.
	Islet size diameter (µm)	Portal vein (µm)	Ratio (%)
Necrotic area (n=23)	57.56±6.69	70.61±7.02	85.78±2.70
Non-necrotic area (n=11)	68.62±19.51	155.83±41.67*	56.96±9.25*

Histological change score was indicated as: islet numbers accompanied with histological change (necrosis, hypoxia, apoptosis and cellular infiltration) / total islet numbers (mean score ± standard error of the mean (SEM)), except Islet Apoptosis (%). Islet Apoptosis (%) was indicated as the percentage of apoptotic to total islet cells. “n” is total islet number.

^*significant difference (p<0.05), at the early stage vs. at transplantation.

^§significant difference, at the early stage vs. at the late stage.

We measured islet and portal vein size and its ratio (= (islet size / portal vein diamter) X 100) from islet in POD2.

^*significant difference (p<0.05), comparing necrotic with non-necrotic area.