Table 1.
Baseline and post-weight loss insulin sensitivity indices and fat distribution by ethnicity
| African American (n = 59) | Caucasian American (n = 62) | E | T | E*T | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Post-weight loss | Baseline | Post-weight loss | P | P | P | |
| Age (yrs)a | 34.3 ± 6.3 | --- | 34.3 ± 6.5 | --- | 0.941 | --- | --- |
| Weight (kg) | 76.3 ± 5.7 | 64.8 ± 5.2 | 78.6 ± 8.6 | 66.1 ± 7.7 | 0.154 | <0.001 | 0.020 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.2 ± 1.1 | 23.9 ± 0.9 | 28.2 ± 1.4 | 23.8 ± 1.3 | 0.728 | <0.001 | 0.245 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 4.8 ± 0.3 | 4.7 ± 0.3 | 4.9 ± 0.4 | 4.9 ± 0.4 | <0.001 | 0.170 | 0.184 |
| Si (× 10−4min−1/μIU/ml) | 2.45 ± 1.36 | 3.87 ± 2.03 | 3.36 ± 1.67 | 5.00 ± 2.15 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.657 |
| Fasting insulin (pmol/l) | 83 ± 28 | 60 ± 24 | 77 ± 21 | 60 ± 20 | 0.408 | <0.001 | 0.112 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.6 ± 1.0 | 1.8 ± 0.7 | 2.4 ± 0.7 | 1.9 ± 0.7 | 0.959 | <0.001 | 0.102 |
| QUICKI | 0.3 ± 0.02 | 0.4 ± 0.02 | 0.3 ± 0.01 | 0.4 ± 0.02 | 0.500 | <0.001 | 0.295 |
| FGIR | 8.3 ± 4.3 | 11.3 ± 4.7 | 8.6 ± 2.4 | 11.5 ± 4.8 | 0.303 | <0.001 | 0.402 |
| Total Fat (kg) | 42.5 ± 3.7 | 32.2 ± 4.4 | 44.0 ± 3.8 | 34.3 ± 4.5 | 0.011 | <0.001 | 0.210 |
| TAAT (cm2)b | 393.6 ± 94.3 | 250.6 ± 69.4 | 430.3 ± 93.0 | 279.8 ± 92.2 | 0.018 | <0.001 | 0.684 |
| IAAT (cm2)b | 61.9 ± 24.4 | 37.2 ± 16.4 | 94.2 ± 28.8 | 62.3 ± 26.0 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.032 |
| SAAT (cm2)b | 328.5 ± 93.8 | 213.3 ± 64.2 | 336.1 ± 90.3 | 216.8 ± 75.7 | 0.667 | <0.001 | 0.807 |
| SSAT (cm2)c | 189.8 ± 50.0 | 136.2 ± 40.4 | 194.2 ± 51.2 | 129.2 ± 46.9 | 0.864 | <0.001 | 0.256 |
| DSAT (cm2)c | 141.9 ± 54.8 | 77.2 ± 34.1 | 140.7 ± 52.0 | 87.8 ± 35.1 | 0.500 | <0.001 | 0.224 |
Data presented as mean ± standard deviation. E, ethnicity; T, time; E*T, ethnicity*time interaction; Si, insulin sensitivity index; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; QUICKI, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index; FGIR, fasting glucose to insulin ratio; TAAT, total abdominal adipose tissue; IAAT, intra-abdominal adipose tissue; SAAT, subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue; SSAT, superficial subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue; DSAT, deep subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue.
Student’s t-test was performed for age, all other variables were analyzed with two-way repeated measures ANOVA.
N = 55 African American, 58 Caucasian American
N = 55 African American, 57 Caucasian American