Table 2.
Outcomes with large series of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in children
Study | No. children/Renal units | Mean age (yrs) | Equipment | Stone size (mm) | Transfusion (%) | Stone free (%) | Sandwich therapy (%) | Complications (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Badawy et al.[33] | 60 | 6 | US | n/a | 3.3 | 90 | 1.7 | Fever - 8.3 |
Colon injury - 1.7 | ||||||||
Urine leak - 3.3 | ||||||||
Open conversion - 5 | ||||||||
Zeren et al.[34] | 55/62 | 7.9 | US, EHL | 16.8 | 23.9 | 86.9 | 1.6 | Fever - 29.8 |
Open conversion - 1.6 | ||||||||
Rizvi et al.[15] | 62 | n/a | US | 47 | 25.3 | 67.7 | 27.4 | Open conversion - 4.8 |
Fever - 46.8 | ||||||||
Urine leak - 6.4 | ||||||||
Hydrothorax - 1.6 | ||||||||
Desai et al.[35] | 56 | 9.1 | EHL | 18.4 | 14.3 | 89.8 | 5.4 | Urine leak - 5.4 |
Salah et al.[36] | 135/138 | 8.9 | US | 22.5 | 0.7 | 98.6 | 0 | Urine leak - 8 |
Holman et al.[37] | 138 | 8.9 | US | 22.5 | .4 | 98.5 | 0 | Fever - 1.1 |
Urine leak - 8 | ||||||||
Samad et al.[38] | 169/188 | 8.2 | n/a | 27.2 | 4 | 59.3 | 34.5 | Fever - 42.8 |
Hyponatremia - 0.1 | ||||||||
Obstruction - 0.1 | ||||||||
Shokeir et al.[39] | 75/82 | 6.6 | US | 14.4 | 1.2 | 95.1 | 4.8 | Urine leak - 1.2 |
EHL – electrohydraulic lithotripsy; US – ultrasound, HL – holmium laser