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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Nov 20.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Geriatr Soc. 2007 Sep;55(9):1356–1364. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01290.x

Table 1. Subject Characteristics According to Sleep-Disordered Breathing (SDB).

Characteristic Overall
(N = 2,911)		 SDB (RDI > 15)
(n = 768)		 Non-SDB (RDI <15)
(n = 2,143)		 P-Value
Subject characteristic
 Age, mean ± SD 76.4 ± 5.5 76.9 ± 5.5 76.2 ± 5.6 .003
 Race, %
  Caucasian 90.7 89.3 91.2 .22
  African American 3.4 3.5 3.4
  Asian 2.9 3.7 2.6
  Other 3.0 3.5 2.8
 Body mass index (kg/m2)
  Mean ± SD 27.2 ± 3.8 28.5 ± 4.2 26.7 ± 3.6 <.001
  >30 kg/m2, % 20.3 31.5 16.3 <.001
 Neck circumference, cm, mean ± SD 39.5 ± 3.0 40.2 ± 2.9 39.2 ± 2.9 <.001
 Waist circumference, cm, mean ± SD 99.7 ± 11.2 102.9 ± 11.4 98.5 ± 10.9 <.001
 Hip circumference, cm, mean ± SD 102.9 ± 8.6 105.0 ± 9.0 102.2 ± 8.3 <.001
 Waist–hip circumference ratio, mean ± SD 1.0 ± 0.1 1.0 ± 0.1 1.0 ± 0.1 <.001
Symptoms
 Current snoring ≥3–5 times per week (vs < 3 times per week) 29.9 41.2 25.6 <.001
 Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) (range 0–24), mean ± SD 6.2 ± 3.7 6.6 ± 4.0 6.0 ± 3.6 <.001
 Excessive daytime sleepiness (ESS > 10), % 13.1 16.7 11.8 <.001
 Loud snoring (bed partner report vs no snoring) 57.5 63.9 55.2 <.001
 Witnessed apnea (bed partner report vs no witnessed apneas) 27.5 36.6 24.3 <.001
Comorbidities
 Diabetes mellitus, % 13.3 16.8 12.0 <.001
 Hypertension, % 49.9 57.3 47.3 <.001
 Cardiovascular disease, % 33.3 37.4 31.9 .005
 Heart failure, % 6.0 9.2 4.8 <.001
 Stroke, % 3.8 3.5 3.9 .61
 Alcoholic drinks per week, %
  0 34.5 35.1 34.3 .54
  <1 12.4 12.0 12.5
  1–2 12.7 13.6 12.3
  3–5 15.5 16.6 15.2
  6–13 19.5 18.1 20.0
  ≥14 5.4 4.6 5.7
 Current cigarette smoker (vs other), % 2.0 1.3 2.2 .13
 Number of cigarettes smoked per day, mean ± SD 0.3 ± 2.3 0.2 ± 2.0 0.3 ± 2.4 .13

RDI = Respiratory Disturbance Index; SD = standard deviation.