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. 2009 Dec 2;4(12):e8139. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008139

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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration, which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose.

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(A) Nuclear run-on assays in THP-1 cells (2×10⁷) showed that CO represses IL-1β transcription by almost 98% within 30 min of LPS stimulation (p = 0.001) and the effect decreased to 67% at 60 min (p = 0.01). (B) A time course analysis of IL-1β mRNA expression in THP-1 cells (2×10⁶) by qRT-PCR showed that CO strongly suppressed LPS-induced IL-1β mRNA by more than 90% within 30 min of exposure (p<0.0001), an effect that was no longer present at 4 h. (C) Time course analysis of IL-1β protein production in THP-1 cells (0.5×10⁶) showed maximum suppression of CO on LPS-induced IL-1β at 2 h (p = 0.04). Results are mean ± SEM of three independent experiments.