Table 7. Difference in Placental cytokine secretions levels (Protein) between HIV-1 negative and positive women in relation to Placental Plasmodium falciparum status.
| Cytokines | Pl P.falciparum Negative | Pl P.falciparum Positive | ||||
| HIV-1 Negative (n = 37) | HIV-1 Positive (n = 29) | p* | HIV-1 Negative (n = 8) | HIV-1 Positive (n = 9) | p* | |
| Protein (pg/ml) | ||||||
| IL-16 | 557 (473–695) | 559 (283–819)** | 0.79 | 926 (632–1087) | 666 (532–706) | 0.082 |
| IL-7 | 21.0 (16.5–26.3) | <9 (<9–22.2) | 0.0011 | 29.2 (25.3–51.0) | <9 (<9–23.8) | 0.021 |
| IL-7 undetectable | 0% | 55% | <0.0011 | 0% | 56% | 0.011 |
| TNF-α | 25.3 (13.6–58.7) | 29.0 (<10–52.0) | 0.68 | 16.1 (6.1–125.7) | 24.9 (<10–49.6) | 0.77 |
| TNF-α undetectable | 14% | 37% | 0.041 | 25% | 33% | 0.71 |
| LIF | 81 (47–112) | 76 (<19–107) | 0.61 | 70 (45–87) | 94 (44–115) | 0.16 |
| LIF undetectable | 22% | 30% | 0.39 | 13% | 22% | 0.60 |
| IL-8 | 3523 (1620–5273) | 2935 (1653–4784) | 0.41 | 2835 (1368–3370) | 3916 (2686–6836) | 0.15 |
| IL-8 Undetectable | 12% | 0% | 0.27 | |||
| IL-15 | 34 (28–42) | 33 (26–53) | 0.86 | 33 (23–42) | 36 (26–47) | 0.29 |
| RANTES | 953 (737–1321) | 790 (511–1252) | 0.092 | 758 (570–1126) | 703 (620–1031) | 0.77 |
The mRNA expression levels are referenced to a term placental tissue (reference calibrator: cal). The amount of target gene in the sample and in the calibrator was normalised to the endogenous reference (18S RNA). The values are indicated as median and inter-quartile range. p*: Mann-Whitney Test; Pl = placental; 1 = significant difference (P<0.05); 2 = trend (0.05<p<0.15); **n = 27.