TABLE 1.

Clinical characteristics of male study participants before and after bed rest

	Before bed rest		After bed rest
	FDR group	CON group	FDR group	CON group
n	13	20	13	20
Age (years)	26.4 ± 4.4	25.0 ± 1.0	26.4 ± 4.4	25.0 ± 1.0
Weight (kg)	84.0 ± 11.7	82.5 ± 10.1	83.6 ± 11.6	82.2 ± 10.4
Height (m)	1.84 ± 0.06	1.85 ± 0.05	1.84 ± 0.06	1.85 ± 0.05
FFM (kg)	58.6 ± 5.4	63.8 ± 4.7	58.4 ± 5.5	63.6 ± 4.8†
BMI (kg/m2)	24.9 ± 3.1	24.1 ± 2.3	24.8 ± 3.1	23.9 ± 2.4
Vo2max (ml · min−1 · kg−1)	39.1 ± 6.7	43.5 ± 6.0	37.5 ± 6.6	42.8 ± 4.9†
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	126 ± 11	128 ± 11	128 ± 8	126 ± 9
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	71 ± 10	68 ± 3	71 ± 8	70 ± 7
Waist-to-hip ratio	0.88 ± 0.06	0.85 ± 0.04	0.87 ± 0.06	0.86 ± 0.04
Total FM (kg)	21.7 ± 9.1	14.3 ± 7.5*	21.5 ± 9.6	14.5 ± 7.8†
Whole-body fat percentage (%)	25.0 ± 8.3	16.9 ± 7.0*	24.9 ± 9.0	17.1 ± 7.3†
Trunk FM–to–total FM ratio	0.58 ± 0.03	0.48 ± 0.04*	0.58 ± 0.04	0.49 ± 0.04†
Leg FM–to–total FM ratio‡	0.29 ± 0.04	0.37 ± 0.02*	0.29 ± 0.04	0.37 ± 0.03†
% trunk FM–to–leg FM ratio	2.06 ± 0.37	1.31 ± 0.18*	2.07 ± 0.45	1.33 ± 0.22†
Triglycerides (mmol/l)	1.1 ± 0.4	0.9 ± 0.4	1.3 ± 0.5	1.0 ± 0.5§
Total cholesterol (mmol/l)	4.5 ± 1.0	3.9 ± 0.8	4.4 ± 0.8	3.7 ± 0.9§
HDL cholesterol (mmol/l)	1.2 ± 0.3	1.2 ± 0.3	1.1 ± 0.3‖	1.1 ± 0.3‖
LDL cholesterol (mmol/l)	2.8 ± 0.3	2.2 ± 0.7	2.7 ± 0.7	2.0 ± 0.5†
VLDL cholesterol (mmol/l)	0.5 ± 0.2	0.4 ± 0.2	0.6 ± 0.2‖	0.4 ± 0.2†
A1C (%)	5.1 ± 0.3	5.1 ± 0.2	NM	NM

Data are means ± SD.

*Significant difference between FDR and CON groups before bed rest, P < 0.05.

†Significant difference between FDR and CON groups after bed rest, P < 0.05.

‡Log-transformed data.

§P = 0.05 between FDR and CON groups after bed rest.

‖Significant difference before vs. after bed rest; P < 0.05. NM, not measured.