TABLE 2.
Concomitant treatments in patients with type 2 diabetes at baseline and on follow-up*
| Treatment | Baseline |
Follow-up |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ala carriers |
Pro/Pro homozygotes |
Ala carriers |
Pro/Pro homozygotes |
|||||||||
| Overall | ACEi yes | ACEi no | Overall | ACEi yes | ACEi no | Overall | ACEi yes | ACEi no | Overall | ACEi yes | ACEi no | |
| Concomitant medication | 177 | 91 | 86 | 942 | 464 | 478 | 177 | 91 | 86 | 942 | 464 | 478 |
| Glucose-lowering regimen | ||||||||||||
| Diet alone | 59 (33.3) | 31 (34.1) | 28 (32.6) | 273 (29.0) | 130 (28.0) | 143 (29.9) | 41 (23.2) | 21 (23.1) | 20 (23.3) | 190 (20.2) | 92 (19.8) | 98 (20.5) |
| Oral hypoglycemic agent alone | 97 (54.8) | 49 (53.8) | 48 (55.8) | 555 (58.9) | 284 (61.2) | 271 (56.7) | 101 (57.1) | 51 (56.0) | 50 (58.1) | 586 (62.2) | 294 (63.4) | 292 (61.1) |
| Insulin and oral hypoglycemic agent | 14 (7.9) | 8 (8.8) | 6 (7.0) | 58 (6.2) | 24 (5.2) | 34 (7.1) | 30 (17.0) | 15 (16.5) | 15 (17.4) | 112 (11.9) | 50 (10.8) | 62 (13.0) |
| Insulin alone | 7 (4.0) | 3 (3.3) | 4 (4.7) | 56 (5.9) | 26 (5.6) | 30 (6.3) | 5 (2.8) | 4 (4.4) | 1 (1.2) | 54 (5.7) | 28 (6.0) | 26 (5.4) |
| Antihypertensive agents | ||||||||||||
| Any | 97 (54.8) | 48 (52.8) | 49 (57.0) | 519 (55.1) | 258 (55.6) | 261 (54.6) | 105 (59.3) | 53 (58.2) | 52 (60.5) | 586 (62.2) | 277 (59.7) | 309 (64.6) |
| Diuretic | 41 (23.2) | 19 (20.9) | 22 (25.6) | 202 (21.4) | 95 (20.5) | 107 (22.4) | 26 (14.7) | 14 (15.4) | 12 (14.0) | 186 (19.8) | 78 (16.8) | 108 (22.6) |
| β-blocker | 14 (7.9) | 10 (11.0) | 4 (4.7) | 76 (8.1) | 37 (8.0) | 39 (8.2) | 16 (9.0) | 11 (12.1) | 5 (5.8) | 81 (8.6) | 39 (8.4) | 42 (8.8) |
| Calcium-channel blocker (dihydropyridine) | 40 (22.6) | 16 (17.6) | 24 (27.9) | 274 (29.1) | 130 (28.0) | 144 (30.1) | 47 (26.6) | 21 (23.1) | 26 (30.2) | 262 (27.8) | 122 (26.3) | 140 (29.3) |
| Sympatholytic agent | 41 (23.2) | 16 (17.6) | 25 (29.1) | 195 (20.7) | 107 (23.1) | 88 (18.4) | 75 (42.4) | 34 (37.4) | 41 (47.7) | 442 (46.9) | 193 (41.6) | 249 (52.1)† |
| Lipid-lowering agents | ||||||||||||
| Any | 19 (10.7) | 9 (9.9) | 10 (11.6) | 110 (11.7) | 58 (12.5) | 52 (10.9) | 38 (21.5) | 16 (17.6) | 22 (25.6) | 201 (21.3) | 99 (21.3) | 102 (21.3) |
| Statin alone | 11 (6.2) | 4 (4.4) | 7 (8.1) | 70 (7.4) | 43 (9.3) | 27 (5.6) | 23 (13.0) | 8 (8.8) | 15 (17.4) | 141 (15.0) | 72 (15.5) | 69 (14.4) |
| Fibrate alone | 5 (2.8) | 2 (2.2) | 3 (3.5) | 35 (3.7) | 14 (3.0) | 21 (4.4) | 5 (2.8) | 3 (3.3) | 2 (2.3) | 39 (4.1) | 17 (3.7) | 22 (4.6) |
| Statin and fibrate | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 (0.3) | 1 (0.2) | 2 (0.4) | 6 (3.4) | 2 (2.2) | 4 (4.7) | 14 (1.5) | 8 (1.7) | 6 (1.3) |
| Antiplatelet agent | 5 (2.8) | 4 (4.4) | 1 (1.2) | 22 (2.3) | 10 (2.2) | 12 (2.5) | 18 (10.2) | 12 (13.2) | 6 (7.0) | 70 (7.4) | 37 (8.0) | 33 (6.9) |
Data are n or n (%).
*All differences between the two genotype groups (Ala vs. Pro/Pro) were not significant.
†P < 0.05 vs. ACEi yes. ACEi, ACE inhibitor therapy.