TABLE 1.

The characteristics of patients with fragmented and normal QRS

Characteristic	Study population (n=60)	Fragmented QRS (n=40)	Normal QRS (n=20)	P
Sex, female:male	19:41	12:28	7:13	0.695
Age, years	38±15	39±15	35±15	0.262
NYHA, I to II:III to IV	44:16	27:13	17:3	0.148
Duration of HF, years	1.6±0.2	1.7±0.3	1.5±0.4	0.467
Beta-blockers, yes:no	52:8	35:5	17:3	0.644
ACE inhibitors, yes:no	59:1	39:1	20:0	0.854
Digitalis, yes:no	8:52	5:35	3:17	0.556
ASA, yes:no	56:4	37:3	19:1	0.644
LA, cm	4.7±0.8	4.7±0.8	4.7±0.9	0.838
LVEDD, cm	6.9±0.9	7±0.9	6.8±0.8	0.327
LVESD, cm	6.1±0.8	6.1±0.8	5.9±0.9	0.461
IVS, cm	1±0.26	1±0.2	1±0.3	0.490
PW, cm	1±0.28	1±0.2	1±0.3	0.754
LVEF, %	26±7	26.6±8	26.2±7	0.765
EPSS, cm	2.4±0.5	2.4±0.5	2.4±0.6	0.691
dP/dt, mmHg/ms	508±157	487±156	541±158	0.178
MR volume, mL	22±14	24±15	18±10	0.180
Mitral E velocity, m/s	0.85±0.27	0.89±0.29	0.78±0.22	0.226
Mitral A velocity, m/s	0.46±0.18	0.49±0.20	0.39±0.13	0.106
E/A	2.2±1.1	2.1±1.1	2.3±1	0.441
EDT, ms	132±65	132±68	112±56	0.096
IVRT, ms	95±35	100±37	85±29	0.122
PAP, mmHg	47±12	47±11	50±16	0.935
Max-ASE Sys, ms	111±46	126±46	82±29	0.001
Max-ASE to Mean Sys, ms	62±25	70±25	48±18	0.003

Data presented as mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated. A Late diastolic; ACE Angiotensin-converting enzyme; ASA Acetylsalicylic acid; dP/dt Peak rate of rise in left ventricular pressure; E Early diastolic; EDT Early filling deceleration time; EPSS E point septal separation; HF Heart failure; IVRT Isovolumetric relaxation time; IVS Interventricular septum; LA Left atrium; LVEDD Left ventricular end diastolic diameter; LVEF Left ventricular ejection fraction; LVESD Left ventricular end systolic diameter; Max-ASE Sys Maximal systolic dyssynchrony; Mean Sys Mean time to the peak myocardial systolic velocity of all segments; MR Mitral regurgitation; NYHA New York Heart Association functional classification; PAP Pulmonary artery pressure; PW Posterior wall