Table 2.
Association of selected variables or markers with caries.
| PLS associationsa | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| x variables or markers | unitsb | Baseline | Increment | Incidence | Progression | |||||
| VIP | coeff | VIP | coeff | VIP | coeff | VIP | coeff | |||
| PREVIOUS CARIESc | ||||||||||
| Decayed, smooth surfaces | numbers/subj | 2.049 | + | 2.221 | + | 2.752 | + | |||
| Decayed and Filled, all surfaces | -"- | 1.785 | + | 1.946 | + | 2.204 | + | |||
| Decayed, all surfaces | -"- | 1.979 | + | 2.187 | + | 2.427 | + | |||
| Decayed, proximal surfaces | -"- | 1.758 | + | 1.841 | + | 2.652 | + | |||
| Filled, all surfaces | -"- | 1.478 | + | 1.648 | + | 1.705 | + | |||
| Filled, occlusal surfaces | -"- | 1.239 | + | 1.383 | + | 1.576 | + | |||
| PLAQUEd | ||||||||||
| Lactobacilli | saliva | CFU/ml | 2.494 | + | 1.177 | + | 1.078 | + | 1.982 | + |
| plaque | % | 2.244 | + | 1.601 | + | 1.707 | + | 2.041 | + | |
| Mutans streptococci | saliva | CFU/ml | 1.066 | + | 0.91 | + | 0.94 | + | 0.47 | + |
| plaque | % | 1.142 | + | 1.104 | + | 1.214 | + | 1.266 | + | |
| Plaque amount | % | 0.63 | + | 0.94 | + | 1.020 | + | 0.76 | + | |
| Plaque formation rate | slow/rapid | 0.47 | 0.98 | - | 0.46 | - | 0.72 | - | ||
| Plaque fluoride | ug/g wet plaque | 1.117 | - | 0.75 | - | 0.88 | - | 0.58 | - | |
| DIETe | ||||||||||
| Zinc | mg/day | 1.016 | - | 1.063 | - | 1.194 | - | 0.50 | - | |
| Lauric acid (12:0) | g/day | 1.115 | - | 1.162 | - | 1.320 | - | 0.87 | - | |
| Calcium | mg/day | 0.92 | - | 1.317 | - | 1.750 | - | 0.004 | - | |
| Riboflavin | mg/day | 1.02 | 1.047 | - | 1.314 | - | 0.27 | - | ||
| Phosphate | mg/day | 1.05 | 1.090 | - | 1.320 | - | 0.16 | - | ||
| Protein | g/day | 1.05 | 1.014 | - | 1.202 | - | 0.19 | - | ||
| Retinol equivalents (vit A) | mg/day | 1.307 | - | 0.96 | - | 1.102 | - | 0.74 | - | |
| Buturic acid (4:0) | g/day | 0.80 | - | 0.93 | - | 1.185 | - | 0.56 | - | |
| Linoleic acid (18:2) | g/day | 1.122 | - | 0.92 | 0.60 | - | 0.29 | - | ||
| Folate | ug/day | 1.001 | - | 0.99 | - | 1.130 | - | 0.80 | - | |
| Vitamin E | mg/day | 1.033 | - | 0.95 | - | 0.89 | - | 0.72 | - | |
| Iron | mg/day | 0.97 | 1.038 | + | 0.43 | + | 0.08 | - | ||
| Carbohydrates (total) | g/day | 1.10 | 1.253 | + | 0.80 | + | 0.28 | + | ||
| Fiber | g/day | 0.77 | - | 1.193 | + | 0.58 | + | 0.22 | - | |
| Energy | kcal/day | 1.19 | 0.98 | + | 0.08 | + | 0.07 | - | ||
| Monosaccharides | g/day | 0.61 | - | 0.48 | + | 0.06 | - | 0.56 | - | |
| Sucrose | g/day | 1.08 | 0.87 | + | 0.43 | + | 0.37 | + | ||
| SALIVAf | ||||||||||
| Parotid, stimulated | ||||||||||
| Calcium | mmol/ml | 1.188 | - | 0.63 | - | 0.51 | - | 1.111 | - | |
| Phosphate | mmol/ml | 0.97 | 1.251 | - | 1.260 | - | 0.25 | + | ||
| Aggregation by S. mutans | m-value | 0.85 | + | 0.65 | + | 0.80 | + | 0.41 | + | |
| S-IgA | ug/ml | 1.18 | 0.30 | - | 0.03 | - | 0.47 | + | ||
| Lysozyme | ug/ml | 0.51 | + | 0.75 | - | 0.08 | - | 0.80 | - | |
| Peroxidase | activity/ml | 0.40 | + | 0.40 | + | 0.54 | + | 0.54 | - | |
| Thiocyanate | mmol/ml | 0.55 | 0.19 | - | 0.14 | - | 0.43 | + | ||
| Flow rate | ml/min | 1.03 | 1.020 | + | 1.155 | + | 0.35 | - | ||
| Whole saliva, stimulated | ||||||||||
| Flow rate | ml/min | 1.00 | 0.36 | - | 0.22 | - | 1.081 | - | ||
| pH | pH | 0.50 | 0.39 | - | 0.34 | - | 0.20 | - | ||
| Buffer capacity | final pH | 0.61 | 0.77 | - | 0.88 | - | 0.40 | - | ||
ab Primary PLS models M1 to M4. VIP values > 1.0 marks influential variables (see Methods). Consistent positive (+) or negative (-) association for the regression coefficients for each y variable; otherwise blank.
b Variable units and units of measures used for derived variables.
c Some of the previous caries x variables (n = 18) derived from the y1-y18 baseline caries variables (see Methods).
d The plaque variables except for phosphate and plaque % of lbc+/ms+, lbc+/ms- or lbc-/ms+ (see Methods).
e Some of the 45 diet variables (see Methods).
f The whole saliva variables except for chewing rate. The parotid saliva variables except for the same factors in resting parotid saliva and derived secretion rates for some components in both salivas (see Methods).