Table 1.

Study reports of TNF-based ILP for irresectable soft tissue sarcomas

Drugs	# Pts	CR (%)	PR (%)	Limb salvage (%)	Year	Author
TNF + Melphalan*	8	100a	0	64	1993	Hill et al. [24]
TNF + IFN + Melphalan	55	18a	64a	84	1996	Eggermont et al. [20]
		36b	51b
TNF + Melphalan	10	70a	20a	89	1996	Santinami et al. [25]
TNF ± IFN + Melphalan	186	18a	57a	82	1996	Eggermont et al. [26]
		29b	53b
TNF ± IFN + Melphalan	35	37b	54b	85	1997	Gutman et al. [27]
TNF ± IFN + Melphalan	246	28c	48c	76	1999	Eggermont et al. [28]
	196	17c	48c	71d
TNF + Doxorubicin	20	26e	64e	85	1999	Rossi et al. [29]
TNF ± IFN + Melphalan	22	18b	64b	77	2000	Lejeune et al. [30]
TNF ± IFN + Melphalan	55	NS	NS	84	2001	Hohenberger et al. [31]
TNF ± IFN + Melphalan	49	8b	55b	58	2003	Noordap et al. [32]
TNF ± IFN + Melphalanh	48	38b	31b	85	2005	Grünhagen et al. [33]
TNF + Melphalang,h	72	49	17	84	2005	Bonvalot et al. [34]
		35e	22e
TNF + Doxorubicinh	21	5a	57a	71	2005	Rossi et al. [35]
		55e	35e
TNF ± IFN + Melphalan	217	18a	51a	75	2006	Grünhagen et al. [36]
		26b	149b
TNF + Doxorubicin/Melphalanh	51	41a	55a	82	2007	Pennacchioli et al. [37]
TNF ± IFN + Melphalan	73	25a	69a	616	2007	van Ginkel et al. [38]
TNF + Melphalan	100	30	48	88	2007	Bedard et al. [39]
TNF + Melphalan	16	20	33	75	2007	Hayes [40]

#Pts—number of patients, CR—Complete response; PR—Partial response; Ref#—reference number, TNF—Tumour Necrosis Factor, IFN—Interferon gamma. *—low dose (<4 mg for leg-ILP, <3 mg for arm-LIP), NS—not stated

^aObjective Clinical Response Rate By WHO criteria

^bCR: clinical CR or 100% necrosis; PR: clinical PR or >50%–99% necrosis

^cCR only recognized by EMEA (European Medicine Evaluation Agency) when histopathology showed 100% necrosis

^dIndependent committee recognized 196 patients as pure amputation candidates

^eNo clinical response data; CR: >90% necrosis; PR: radiological and/or histopathological >50% necrosis.

^fOverall 10 years’ imb salvage rate

^gDifferent scoring system: upper panel: CR/PR: loss of vasculature on Ultrasound/MRI; lower panel CR: >90% necrosis on histopathology

^hlow dose (<4 mg for leg-ILP, <3 mg for arm-ILP)