Fig. 9.

Effect of PKC isoenzyme-specific inhibitors and NADPH oxidase inhibitors on oxalate-induced NADPH oxidase activity in LLC-PK₁ cells. LLC-PK₁ cells were pretreated with 0.5 μM DPI, 0.5 mM apocynin, 7.5 μM rottlerin or 2.5 μg/ml inhibitor peptide for 30 min and then exposed to 0.75 mM oxalate along with inhibitors for 3 h, after which NADPH oxidase activity was determined. DMSO was used as a vehicle. Data are normalized to control, and values are expressed as means ± SE. Comparisons shown: a, significant compared with control; b, significant compared with oxalate-treated; c, significant compared with inhibitor peptide-treated. *P < 0.05; n = 4.