PAR1 and CREB regulate Sp1. A, PAR1 silencing down-regulates stimulatory protein-1 (Sp1) binding to the −204 to +54 promoter region of the MUC18 gene, as demonstrated by ChIP analysis. B, Western blot shows that PAR1 silencing does not affect the levels of Sp1 expression. C, CREB silencing (shCREB) down-regulates Sp1 binding to the −204 to +54 promoter region of the MUC18 gene as compared with cells transduced with the control non-targeting shRNA (shNT), as demonstrated by ChIP analysis. D, Western blot shows that CREB silencing does not affect the levels of Sp1 expression.