Construction and testing of androgen-responsive reporter vectors. (A) Sequential construction of vectors. (B) COS-1 cells were transfected with AR expression vector and luciferase construct as indicated, and then treated with 0.001–10 nM MB for 24 h. Results are mean±s.e.m. of three experiments. (C) LNCaP/Luc cells were treated with androgens (0–100 nM) for 24 h. Luciferase activity was assayed and normalized by SRB assay. (D) Increase of luciferase and PSA mRNA transcripts in LNCaP/Luc cells after 6 h treatment with MB. (E) ChIP analysis of the PSA gene promoter and the integrated luciferase reporter promoter in LNCaP/Luc cells after 2 h MB treatment (10 nM). MB, mibolerone; DHT, dihydrotestosterone; Tes, testosterone; A-dione, androstenedione; DHEA, dehydroepiandrosterone; PSA, prostate-specific antigen.