Multi-target bacterial cell sorting via iDMACS. a) Photograph of the fabricated idMACS device. Overall device size is 7 cm × 1.5 cm, including both DEP and magnetic separation modules. b) The physics of multi-target separation via iDMACS. Target A cells, labeled with DEP tags, are deflected at a set of angled electrodes to elute through outlet A. Subsequently, an array of ferromagnetic strips captures magnetically-tagged target B cells, which are then eluted through outlet B after washing. Unlabeled non-target cells are neither deflected by the electrodes nor captured by the strips. Figure reprinted from Kim et al.42 with permission of the authors.