Table 1.

Baseline (1991) characteristics according to the frequencies of SSB consumption in 13,475 women

	SSB consumption			P
	0–3 servings/month	1–4 servings/week	≥5 servings/week
n (%)	5,584 (41.4)	3,675 (27.3)	4,216 (31.3)
Age (years)	31.9 (3.3)	31.5 (3.3)	31.0 (3.2)	<0.001
Ethnicity (%)
Caucasian	95.1	94.3	93.6
African American	0.5	0.7	1.3
Hispanic	1.5	1.3	1.3
Asian	1.4	1.7	2.0
Others	1.5	2.0	1.7	<0.001
Husband's education (%)
High school or less	15.6	18.1	19.5
College	44.7	47.8	50.4
Graduate school	39.7	34.1	30.1	<0.001
Family history of diabetes (%)	13.8	11.3	11.0	<0.001
Nulliparous (%)	56.1	61.7	62.3	<0.001
Current smoking (%)	8.3	7.5	10.6	<0.001
Alcohol consumption (g/day)	3.7 ± 5.5	3.0 ± 5.0	2.6 ± 4.8	<0.001
BMI (kg/m2)	23.6 ± 4.3	23.3 ± 3.1	23.3 ± 4.3	<0.001
Physical activity (h/week)	25.4 ± 30.4	22.0 ± 26.5	21.0 ± 28.1	<0.001
Dietary factors (per day)
Total calories (kcal)	1,662 ± 504	1,804 ± 500	2,053 ± 544	<0.001
Carbohydrate (% energy)	48.9 ± 7.4	50.0 ± 6.5	53.6 ± 6.7	<0.001
Protein (% energy)	20.3 ± 3.4	19.9 ± 2.4	17.6 ± 2.9	<0.001
Total fat (% energy)	31.3 ± 5.8	31.4 ± 5.2	29.9 ± 5.1	<0.001
Glycemic index*	52.9 ± 3.3	53.8 ± 2.9	55.6 ± 2.7	<0.001
GL*	1.2 ± 0.2	1.2 ± 0.2	1.3 ± 0.2	<0.001
Total fiber (g)*	19.7 ± 6.0	18.1 ± 4.7	17.2 ± 4.3	<0.001
Magnesium (mg)*	338.4 ± 75.8	323.8 ± 67.7	287.7 ± 63.8	<0.001
Potassium (mg)*	3,032 ± 512	2,909 ± 450	2,661 ± 454	<0.001
Calcium (mg)*	1,125 ± 441	1,118 ± 419	978 ± 387	<0.001
Vitamin C (mg)*	260.2 ± 311.1	243.8 ± 254.5	232.6 ± 229.9	<0.001
Vitamin E (mg)*	37.7 ± 110.0	35.4 ± 102.7	27.9 ± 79.3	<0.001
Fruits (servings)	1.3 ± 1.0	1.2 ± 0.9	1.1 ± 0.9	<0.001
Vegetables (servings)	3.4 ± 2.1	3.1 ± 1.8	2.9 ± 1.7	<0.001
Processed meat (servings)	0.9 ± 1.1	1.2 ± 1.2	1.4 ± 1.2	<0.001
Red meat (servings)	0.5 ± 0.4	0.5 ± 0.4	0.6 ± 0.4	<0.001

Data are means ± SE, unless otherwise indicated.

*Energy adjusted.