Table 3.
Mean (SD) and change scores across time for secondary efficacy end points for women randomized to treatment with CEE/MPA, red clover, black cohosh, and placebo.
| Test, mean score (SD) |
Treatment Group | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo (n = 17) | Red Clover (n = 14) | Black Cohosh (n = 18) | CEE/MPA (n = 17) | |||||||||||
| Baseline | 12 months |
Change | Baseline | 12 months |
Change | Baseline | 12 months |
Change | Baseline | 12 months |
Change | |||
| BVRT | 5.71 (1.99) | 6.06 (2.11) | 0.35 (2.29) | 6.00 (2.96) | 6.79 (2.42) | 0.79 (1.85) | 6.78 (1.67) | 6.61 (2.17) | −0.17 (1.61) | 6.06 (2.28) | 5.94 (2.21) | 0.06 (1.61) | ||
| BTA | 8.00 (1.37) | 8.29 (1.31) | 0.29 (1.31) | 7.93 (1.69) | 7.71 (2.05) | −0.21 (2.19) | 8.22 (1.87) | 8.53 (1.66) | 0.18 (1.33) | 8.35 (1.66) | 8.29 (1.21) | −0.06 (1.74) | ||
| Digit Span | ||||||||||||||
| Forward | 8.12 (2.42) | 8.59 (1.84) | 0.47 (1.74) | 7.43 (1.40) | 8.21 (2.16) | 0.79 (1.53) | 9.17 (2.04) | 9.22 (1.56) | 0.06 (1.98) | 8.71 (1.83) | 7.82 (1.21) | −0.88 (1.69)* | ||
| Backward | 6.47 (2.85) | 6.35 (2.57) | −0.12 (1.62) | 5.50 (1.83) | 5.77 (1.54) | 0.23 (1.92) | 7.39 (2.00) | 7.61 (2.30) | 0.22 (1.40) | 6.35 (1.77) | 7.06 (2.11) | 0.71 (2.23) | ||
| Letter Fluency Test | 47.35 (13.62) | 45.59 (14.96) | −1.76 (6.36) | 43.36 (14.21) | 44.07 (14.36) | 0.71 (9.16) | 43.00 (11.30) | 43.28 (9.87) | 0.28 (6.49) | 40.59 (12.45) | 43.06 (12.39) | 2.47 (6.26)* | ||
| Card Rotation Test | 55.06 (29.14) | 58.76 (26.05) | 4.75 (15.86) | 53.50 (30.33) | 67.57 (31.05) | 14.07 (20.56) | 73.44 (22.95) | 83.39 (18.10) | 9.94 (16.03) | 71.82 (28.13) | 81.29 (33.74) | 9.47 (12.93) | ||
| Finding As | 30.53 (6.59) | 30.13 (7.94) | −0.56 (5.89) | 30.43 (10.48) | 31.86 (11.35) | 1.43 (4.50) | 29.44 (10.04) | 30.89 (10.97) | 1.44 (7.15) | 28.35 (6.75) | 30.06 (5.61) | 1.71 (5.90) | ||
| MFQ | ||||||||||||||
| General frequency of forgetting | 4.60 (0.89) | 4.41 (0.85) | −0.19 (0.99) | 4.27 (0.92) | 4.47 (0.83) | 0.20 (0.77) | 5.05 (0.85) | 5.00 (1.05) | −0.04 (0.61) | 4.56 (0.82) | 4.64 (0.64) | 0.08 (0.83) | ||
| Mnemonics usage | 3.34 (1.26) | 3.43 (1.10) | 0.10 (1.03) | 2.96 (1.64) | 3.04 (1.34) | 0.07 (1.00) | 2.99 (1.45) | 2.98 (1.36) | −0.01 (0.55) | 3.18 (1.34) | 2.85 (1.06) | −0.33 (0.92) | ||
| Retrospective functioning | 3.35 (1.03) | 3.36 (0.86) | 0.01 (1.27) | 3.56 (1.00) | 3.16 (1.40) | −0.40 (1.49) | 3.07 (0.85) | 3.13 (1.03) | 0.07 (0.91) | 2.74 (0.95) | 2.76 (0.82) | 0.02 (0.73) | ||
| Seriousness of forgetting | 4.70 (1.10) | 4.22 (0.98) | −0.48 (1.04) | 4.30 (1.42) | 4.24 (0.99) | −0.06 (1.06) | 3.94 (1.42) | 4.19 (1.75) | 0.25 (1.37) t | 3.99 (1.02) | 4.18 (0.97) | 0.19 (1.12)t | ||
| PANAS | ||||||||||||||
| Positive affect | 3.29 (0.89) | 3.30 (0.95) | 0.01 (0.68) | 3.45 (0.78) | 3.16 (1.13) | −0.29 (0.73) | 3.22 (0.63) | 3.27 (0.76) | 0.05 (0.65) | 3.21 (0.75) | 2.99 (0.85) | −0.22 (0.62) | ||
| Negative affect | 1.65 (0.56) | 1.61 (0.63) | −0.05 (0.99) | 1.72 (0.62) | 1.51 (0.69) | −0.21 (0.63) | 1.39 (0.49) | 1.33 (0.44) | −0.06 (0.60) | 1.81 (0.50) | 1.42 (0.32) | −0.38 (0.49) | ||
| Vasomotor Symptoms | ||||||||||||||
| Frequency per week | 54.25 (16.68) | 18.53 (15.50) | −33.72 (22.65) | 63.22 (22.54) | 30.68 (22.67) | −32.54 (22.34) | 64.82 (19.57) | 42.52 (25.46) | −22.30 (20.03) | 73.82 (53.08) | 4.54 (7.27) | −89.28 (54.35)* | ||
| Intensity | 2.17 (0.66) | 1.09 (0.95) | −1.09 (1.02) | 2.34 (0.74) | 1.66 (0.83) | −0.69 (1.05) | 2.49 (0.58) | 1.81 (0.99) | −0.67 (0.89) | 2.00 (0.66) | 0.32 (0.55) | −1.70 (0.78)* | ||
Note. BVRT = Benton Visual Retention Test; BTA = Brief Test of Attention; MFQ = Memory Functioning Questionnaire; PANAS = Positive and Negative Affect Scale. Vasomotor symptoms are based on daily diaries (see text).
*
p < 0.05,
t
p > 0.05 and p < 0.10 compared with placebo.