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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Nov 26.
Published in final edited form as: Brain Behav Immun. 2008 Jul 2;22(8):1178–1189. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2008.05.004

Table 2.

Chronic morphine and methadone increase proinflammatory mRNA expression in lumbar dorsal spinal cord.

Saline Morphine Methadone
Mean SEM Mean SEM Mean SEM
IL-1β 2.1 0.4 8.3* 2.7 10.4* 3.0
IL-6 3.2 0.6 10.3* 3.6 15.5* 4.0
TNF-a 3.0 1.0 5.9 2.4 7.9 2.4
ICE 2.4 0.4 4.4 1.8 3.4 1.6
TLR4 3.7 0.5 11.4* 2.1 12.2* 3.4

Relative mRNA expression in lumbar dorsal spinal cord following 7 days intrathecal morphine, methadone or saline administration in vivo

*

P < 0.05.