Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of HIV-infected women (n=1558) by randomization arm ^a

	Placebo			Antibiotics			P value
			No. b			No. b
Total	779			779
Demographics
Median age, y	25	[21–28]	779	25	[22–28]	778	0.41 c
Median education, y	7	[4–9]	779	7	[5–9]	778	0.83 c
Can read	592 (76.0)		779	604 (77.5)		779	0.47 d
Occupation
Homemaker	608(78.0)		779	620 (79.6)		779	0.88 d
Self-employed	84	(10.8)		76	(9.8)
Formal employment	69	(8.9)		67	(8.6)
Other	18	(2.3)		16	(2.1)
Have electricity in house	299(38.4)		779	293 (37.6)		779	0.75 d
Have running water in house	320 (41.1)		779	330 (42.4)		779	0.61 d
Obstetric history
Median number of pregnancies (inc. current one)	3	[2–4]	779	3	[2–4]	779	0.37 c
Median number of children alive today	1	[0–2]	779	1	[0–2]	779	0.21 c
Median gestational age recall, wk	156	[143–170]	568	155	[142–169]	554	0.44 c
Median fundal height, cm	22	[20–24]	779	22	[20–24]	779	0.30 c
Median weight at enrollment, kg	57	[52–63]	779	56	[52–62]	779	0.32 c
Laboratory results
Median CD4 count, cells/µL	343	[215–500]	698	341	[218–500]	693	0.94 c
Mean plasma viral load, log 10	4 .3 ± 0.8		746	4.3 ± 0.8		731	0.72 e
STIs
Syphilis	68	(8.8)	771	62	(8.0)	771	0.58 d
Trichomonas vaginalis	134 (17.2)		779	163	(20.9)	779	0.06 d
Candida hyphae	17	(2.3)	746	19	(2.5)	752	0.75 d
Clinical bacterial vaginosis	172 (22.1)		777	164	(21.1)	776	0.63 d
Gonorrhea	16	(2.1)	778	13	(1.7)	776	0.58 d
Chlamydia infection	23	(3.0)	772	17	(2.2)	768	0.34 d
Medical history
Watery stools over the last 2 weeks	27	(3.5)	779	37	(4.7)	779	0.20 d
Fever for > 2 weeks in the last 3 months	23	(3.0)	779	24	(3.1)	779	0.88 d
Cough for > 2 weeks in the last 3 months	38	(4.9)	779	42	(5.4)	779	0.65 d
Itchy vaginal discharge in the last 3	163 (20.9)		779	157 (20.2)		779	0.71 d
Admitted to hospital in the last 12 months	20	(2.6)	779	26	(3.3)	779	0.37 d

Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range (denotes the 25th and 75th percentiles); STI, sexually transmitted infections.

^aValues are given as median [IQR], mean ± SD, or number (percentage) unless otherwise indicated.

^bNo. with data.

^cWilcoxon rank sum test.

^dPearson χ² test.

^eTwo-sample t test.