Table 3.

Effect of antibiotics versus placebo on maternal health conditions during pregnancy and the first 3 months post partum

	Women with conditions during study follow-up		Not adjusted for site		Adjusted for site
Medical Conditions	Antibiotics	Placebo	Odds ratio c (95% CI)	P-value	Odds ratio c (95% CI)	P value
HIV-infected cohort
Fever >2 weeks a	57	50	1.07 (0.73–1.56)	0.74	1.07 (0.73–1.56)	0.73
Diarrhea in last 2 weeks a	82	68	1.14 (0.81–1.61)	0.44	1.14 (0.81–1.60)	0.45
Cough >2 weeks a	87	76		0.37	1.16 (0.84–1.60)	0.38
			1.16 (0.8–1.60)
Vaginal discharge a	170	143	1.16 (0.92–1.47)	0.20	1.17 (0.93–1.48)	0.17
Oral thrush a	28	24	1.22 (0.68–2.16)	0.50	1.21 (0.68–2.14)	0.52
Admission to hospital a	88	82	0.96 (0.70–1.31)	0.78	0.95 (0.70–1.30)	0.76
Mastitis b	21	22	0.92 (0.50–1.69)	0.79	0.92 (0.50–1.70)	0.80
Puerperal sepsis	10	18	0.53 (0.24–1.15)	0.11	0.52 (0.24–1.14)	0.11
Fever during labor>38 degrees b, d	9	6	1.46 (0.52–4.12)	0.48	–	–
Admitted to postpartum ward b	50	64	0.74 (0.50–1.09)	0.13	0.74 (0.50–1.09)	0.13
Fever postpartum b	7	8	0.85 (0.31–2.35)	0.75	0.85 (0.31–2.36)	0.75
Antenatal hemorrhage b, d	5	3	1.62 (0.39–6.83)	0.51	–	–
Postpartum hemorrhage b	3	7	0.41 (0.11–1.61)	0.20	0.41 (0.11–1.61)	0.20
Hypertension without proteinuria b	7	9	0.75 (0.28–2.04)	0.58	0.75 (0.28–2.03)	0.58
Hypertension with proteinuria b, d	8	2	3.92 (0.83–18.54)	0.08	–	–
HIV-uninfected cohort Mastitis b	1	3	0.34 (0.03–3.31)	0.35	0.34 (0.03–3.37)	0.36
Admitted to postnatal ward b	6	7	0.89 (0.29–2.74)	0.84	0.86 (0.28–2.66)	0.79
Hypertension without proteinuria b, d	2	1	2.15 (0.19–23.98)	0.53	–	–

^aOdds ratio estimate, 95% confidence interval and P values from GEE model.

^bOdds ratio estimate, 95% confidence interval and P values from logistic regression.

^cThe odds ratio calculations used the placebo arm as the reference group.

^dNo comparisons adjusting for site were done due to zero incidence in certain site and arm combinations.