Table 1.

Specific behaviors scored during naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal for 1 hr during microdialysis. Values are means (SEMs) of 6 rats/group.

Specific Behavior	Vehicle	AV411	p value
Teeth Chattering	52.5 (16.9)	11.5 (3.2)	.009 **
Rearing	3.67 (1.5)	0.67 (0.3)	.07
Ptosis	61.5 (10.9)	36.17 (10.4)	.12
Grooming	3.50 (1.2)	1.33 (0.7)	.15
Exploration	1.83 (0.5)	9.0 (4.6)	.16
Abnormal Posture	12.5 (4.7)	5.17 (1.7)	.17
Chewing/Oral Stimulation	50.5 (16.9)	37.83 (9.8)	.53
Writhing	45.33 (13.0)	36.33 (7.7)	.56
Wet Dog Shake	21.83 (3.9)	18.67 (5.7)	.65
Penis licking	1.5 (0.2)	2.0 (1.3)	.71

^**Statistically significant, α set at .05.

There were no observations of jumping, diarrhea, salivation, or vocalization.