Table 3.
Cox proportional hazard models for 10-year mortality (n = 1,996)
| Model 1 |
Model 2 |
Model 3 |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | CI95% | HR | CI95% | HR | CI95% | |
| Frailty index | ||||||
| Non-frail | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Pre-frail | 1.57 | 1.36, 1.83 | 1.45 | 1.24, 1.68 | 1.25 | 1.07, 1.46 |
| Frail | 3.77 | 3.05, 4.65 | 2.68 | 2.14, 3.34 | 1.81 | 1.41, 2.31 |
| Age | 1.06 | 1.05, 1.08 | 1.06 | 1.05, 1.07 | ||
| Male | 1.71 | 1.47, 1.98 | 1.77 | 1.50, 2.08 | ||
| Married | 0.82 | 0.70, 0.95 | 0.87 | 0.75, 1.02 | ||
| BMI | 0.98 | 0.97, 0.99 | ||||
| Smoker | 1.42 | 1.15, 1.76 | ||||
| Heart attack | 0.97 | 0.77, 1.22 | ||||
| Stroke | 1.23 | 0.97, 1.55 | ||||
| Hypertension | 1.30 | 1.13, 1.51 | ||||
| Cancer | 1.57 | 1.23, 2.01 | ||||
| Hip fracture | 1.23 | 0.75, 2.00 | ||||
| Diabetes | 1.47 | 1.27, 1.71 | ||||
| ADL limitation | 1.45 | 1.15, 1.82 | ||||
| IADL limitation | 1.35 | 1.15, 1.59 | ||||
| CES-D (18 items) | 1.00 | 0.99, 1.01 | ||||
| MMSE | 0.98 | 0.97, 1.00 | ||||
| Self-rated health, good-excellent | 1.08 | 0.93, 1.26 | ||||