Table I.
Characteristics of Patients With or Without Sickle Cell Disease Undergoing Cholecystectomy or Hip Replacement
| Characteristic | Cholecystectomy | Hip Replacement | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sickle Cell Disease (n = 467) |
No Sickle Cell Disease (n = 79,683) |
P Value | Sickle Cell Disease (n = 306) |
No Sickle Cell Disease (n = 28,015) |
P Value | |
| Age, mean (SE), y | 31.0 (0.52) | 43.1 (0.05) | < 0.001 | 37.6 (0.67) | 52.0 (0.06) | < 0.001 |
| Age, median (IQR), y | 27 (21–39) | 44 (32–54) | — | 37 (29–47) | 54 (47–59) | — |
| Age group, No. (%) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
| 18 to 30 years | 271 (58.0) | 15,916 (20.0) | 96(31.4) | 766 (2.7) | ||
| 31 to 44 years | 129 (27.6) | 24,864 (31.2) | 117 (38.2) | 4703 (16.8) | ||
| 45 to 64 years | 67 (14.4) | 38,903 (48.8) | 93 (30.4) | 22,546 (80.5) | ||
| Male, No. (%) | 200 (42.8) | 22,607 (28.3) | < 0.001 | 111 (36.3) | 14,270 (50.9) | < 0.001 |
| Race, No. (%) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Black | 360 (77.1) | 11,397 (14.3) | 197 (64.4) | 2862 (10.2) | ||
| Other* | 25 (5.4) | 54,693 (68.6) | 20 (6.5) | 17,686 (63.1) | ||
| Missing | 82 (17.6) | 13,593 (17.1) | 89 (29.1) | 7467 (26.7) | ||
| Primary expected payer, No. (%) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Private insurance | 144 (30.8) | 49,535 (62.2) | 93 (30.4) | 20,539 (73.3) | ||
| Medicare | 83 (17.8) | 5884 (7.4) | 106 (34.6) | 3688 (13.2) | ||
| Medicaid | 185 (39.6) | 12,233 (15.4) | 95 (31.1) | 2074 (7.4) | ||
| Other† | 52 (11.1) | 11,905 (14.9) | 11 (3.6) | 1680 (6.0) | ||
| Comorbid conditions, No. (%) | ||||||
| Alcohol abuse | ≤ 10 (≤ 2.1) | 1520 (1.9) | 0.10 | ≤ 10 (≤ 3.3) | 632 (2.3) | 0.13 |
| Deficiency anemia | 37 (7.9) | 3799 (4.8) | 0.001 | 19 (6.2) | 2998 (10.7) | 0.01 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis/collagen vascular disease | ≤ 10 (≤ 2.1) | 950 (1.2) | 0.13 | ≤ 10 (≤ 3.3) | 1483 (5.3) | 0.11 |
| Congestive heart failure | 20 (4.3) | 1647 (2.1) | < 0.001 | 12 (3.9) | 502 (1.8) | 0.006 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 34 (7.3) | 7554 (9.5) | 0.11 | 31 (10.1) | 3230 (11.5) | 0.45 |
| Coagulopathy | 30 (6.4) | 1410 (1.8) | < 0.001 | 11 (3.6) | 419 (1.5) | 0.003 |
| Depression | 16 (3.4) | 4345 (5.5) | 0.05 | 11 (3.6) | 2272 (8.1) | 0.004 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 14 (3.0) | 8877 (11.1) | < 0.001 | 11 (3.6) | 2432 (8.7) | 0.002 |
| Drug abuse | 11 (2.4) | 938 (1.2) | 0.02 | ≤ 10 (≤ 3.3) | 320 (1.1) | 0.18 |
| Hypertension | 55 (11.8) | 21,489 (27.0) | < 0.001 | 59 (19.3) | 11,140 (39.8) | < 0.001 |
| Hypothyroidism | ≤ 10 (≤ 2.1) | 3976 (5.0) | < 0.001 | ≤ 10 (≤ 3.3) | 1975 (7.1) | < 0.001 |
| Liver disease | 12 (2.6) | 4398 (5.5) | 0.005 | ≤ 10 (≤ 3.3) | 493 (1.8) | 0.87 |
| Fluid/electrolyte disorders | 79 (16.9) | 7903 (9.9) | < 0.001 | 26 (8.5) | 1420 (5.1) | 0.007 |
| Obesity | ≤ 10 (≤ 2.1) | 7676 (9.6) | < 0.001 | ≤ 10 (≤ 3.3) | 2946 (10.5) | < 0.001 |
| Neurological disorders | 21 (4.5) | 1717 (2.2) | < 0.001 | 15 (4.9) | 726 (2.6) | 0.01 |
| Pulmonary circulation disorders | ≤ 10 (≤ 2.1) | 337 (0.4) | < 0.001 | ≤ 10 (≤ 3.3) | 139 (0.5) | < 0.001 |
| Renal failure | 15 (3.2) | 1,409 (1.8) | 0.02 | ≤ 10 (≤ 3.3) | 495 (1.8) | 0.86 |
| Valvular disease | ≤ 10 (≤ 2.1) | 1599 (2.0) | 0.84 | ≤ 10 (≤ 3.3) | 753 (2.7) | 0.14 |
*
“Other” includes Asian or Pacific Islander, Hispanic, Native American, white, and other.
†
“Other” includes self-pay, no charge, and other.