Table II.
Procedure-Related Characteristics of Patients With or Without Sickle Cell Disease Undergoing Cholecystectomy or Hip Replacement
| Characteristic | Cholecystectomy | Hip Replacement | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sickle Cell Disease (n = 467) |
No Sickle Cell Disease (n = 79,683) |
P Value | Sickle Cell Disease (n = 306) |
No Sickle Cell Disease (n = 28,015) |
P Value | |
| Laparoscopic surgery, No. (%) | 395 (84.6) | 60,788 (76.3) | < 0.001 | — | — | — |
| Elective surgery, No. (%) | 103 (22.1) | 23,875 (30.0) | 0.001 | 226 (73.9) | 24,084 (86.0) | < 0.001 |
| Discharge disposition, No. (%) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Home health care | 17 (3.7) | 2786 (3.5) | 107 (35.1) | 11,947 (42.7) | ||
| Routine | 428 (92.6) | 74,548 (94.2) | 88 (28.9) | 8083 (28.9) | ||
| Other* | 17 (3.6) | 1845 (2.3) | 110 (35.9) | 7925 (28.2) | ||
| Blood transfusion, No. (%) | 139 (35.6) | 873 (3.0) | < 0.001 | 143 (46.7) | 7528 (26.9) | < 0.001 |
| Hospital size, No. (%)† | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Small | 39 (8.4) | 4164 (5.2) | 30 (9.8) | 4794 (17.1) | ||
| Medium | 107 (22.9) | 13,446 (16.9) | 74 (24.2) | 3908 (14.0) | ||
| Large | 321 (68.7) | 62,073 (77.9) | 202 (66.0) | 19,313 (68.9) | ||
| Hospital location, No. (%) | 0.04 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Rural | 27 (5.8) | 3119 (3.9) | ≤ 10 (≤ 3.3) | 27,831 (0.7) | ||
| Urban | 440 (94.2) | 76,564 (96.1) | 297 (97.1) | 184 (99.3) | ||
| Hospital ownership, No. (%) | 0.29 | 0.04 | ||||
| Not specified | 306 (65.5) | 53,466 (67.1) | 224 (73.2) | 22,089 (78.9) | ||
| Public | 44 (9.4) | 5978 (7.5) | 15 (4.9) | 896 (3.2) | ||
| Private | 117 (25.1) | 20,239 (25.4) | 67 (21.9) | 5030 (18.0) | ||
| US geographic region, No. (%) | 0.002 | 0.002 | ||||
| Northeast | 79 (16.9) | 15,037 (18.9) | 47 (15.4) | 6503 (23.2) | ||
| Midwest | 86 (18.4) | 11,332 (14.2) | 56 (18.3) | 4890 (17.5) | ||
| South | 262 (56.1) | 42,630 (53.5) | 178 (58.2) | 13,773 (49.2) | ||
| West | 40 (8.6) | 10,684 (13.4) | 25 (8.2) | 2849 (10.2) | ||
| Hospital teaching status, No. (%) | 0.14 | 0.001 | ||||
| Non-teaching hospital | 209 (44.8) | 32,967 (41.4) | 99 (32.4) | 6856 (24.5) | ||
| Teaching hospital | 258 (55.3) | 46,716 (58.6) | 207 (67.7) | 21,159 (75.5) | ||
| In-hospital outcomes | ||||||
| Costs, $ | ||||||
| Mean (SE) | 20,727 (1292) | 14,157 (88) | < 0.001 | 24,603 (1053) | 17,608 (63) | < 0.001 |
| Median (IQR) | 13,073 (9009–20,566) | 9015 (6302–13,745) | — | 19,914 (15,103–26,252) | 15,852 (12,734–19,829) | |
| Length of stay, days | ||||||
| Mean (SE) | 9.0 (0.52) | 5.2 (0.03) | < 0.001 | 8.0 (0.48) | 4.4 (0.03) | < 0.001 |
| Median | 6.5 (3–11) | 3 (2–6) | — | 5 (4–8) | 4 (3–5) | — |
| Mortality, No. (%)‡ | ≤ 10 (≤ 2.1) | 504 (0.6) | 0.12 | ≤ 10 (≤ 3.3) | 60 (0.2) | 0.53 |
Abbreviation: IQR, interquartile range; SE, standard error.
“Other” includes transfer to short-term hospital, other transfer, unknown disposition, missing data, and patients who left the hospital against medical advice.
Hospital size categories in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample are based on the number of hospital beds but are specific to the hospital's location and teaching status. A complete description of the hospital size category is available online at http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/db/vars/hosp_bedsize/nisnote.jsp.
Chi-square test may not be valid because of small expected counts; the Fisher exact test could not be calculated.