Table 2.

Whole-brain analyses at FDR P < 0.05. Significant differences in GM volume between the FXS and autism groups, controlling for total GM volume.

Brain region	T	Cluster Size	MNI Coordinates
FXS > Autism
Frontal
Left middle frontal gyrus	5.00	4113	-32	33	31
Left superior frontal gyrus, medial part	4.14	267	-1	51	35
Parietal
Left postcentral gyrus	3.64	478	-28	-34	59
Temporal
Left inferior temporal gyrus′	5.63	15741	-48	-40	-17
Left middle temporal gyrus*	4.78	826	-49	-39	-1
Left superior temporal gyrus*	4.75	193	-40	-23	1
Right superior temporal gyrus	3.57	588	44	-34	19
Right parahippocampal gyrus	3.23	35	28	-36	-6
Cingulate
Left midcingulate gyrus′	5.45	10520	-9	-19	35
Left anterior cingulate gyrus*	3.87	248	-6	27	15
Right midcingulate gyrus′	6.54	10520	8	-19	38
Subcortical
Left caudate nucleus′	6.55	8194	-7	16	8
Right caudate nucleus′	5.94	8194	10	22	-1
Cerebellum
Left cerebellar lobule VI′	4.38	15741	-31	-54	-20
Right cerebellar lobule VI′	4.44	9925	32	-62	-26
Right cerebellar crus I′	3.26	9925	51	-58	-36
Right cerebellar crus II*	3.81	161	43	-77	-46
Autism > FXS
Frontal
Left inferior frontal gyrus, operculum	5.80	656	-64	8	14
Left middle frontal gyrus, orbital part	5.34	184	-21	36	-21
Temporal
Right inferior temporal gyrus	5.20	242	41	-2	-37

Note. All labels are derived from the AAL atlas (see text).

^*For these clusters, the peak voxel does not lie within the AAL atlas. For these, the label is derived from the nearest AAL labeled voxel.

^′The following local maxima belong to clusters that are contiguous: 1) the left and right midcingulate gyri, 2) the left and right caudate, 3) the left inferior temporal gyrus and left cerebellar lobule VI, and 4) the right cerebellar lobule VI and right cerebellar crus I.