Figure 2.

Group results for Experiment 1. The crowding effect (A) for perceptual (solid line) and visuomotor judgments (dotted line) of target orientation collapsed across the three eccentricities tested. There was a significant decrease in discrimination performance with increasing eccentricity and increased flanker density. Perceptual responses were more attracted to the mean ensemble orientation of the distractor bars (B), while visuomotor judgments revealed a relative repulsion to this ensemble orientation (negative Fisher z scores). Inset: data for perception (black) and visuomotor responses (gray) collapsed across densities. All error bars are between-observer SEM.