Table 2.
Negative BOLD signal changes (signal decreases) in lactating rats presented with a male intruder in the absence or presence of V1a receptor blockade.
| Number of Negative BOLD voxels | Mean Percent Change in BOLD signal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Region of Interest | Control ± Std. Error | V1a antagonist ± Std. Error |
Control ± Std. Error | V1a antagonist ± Std. Error |
| Cortical areas | ||||
| Visual Cortex | 16.7 ± 5.3 | 19.5 ± 5.8 | −2.9 ± 0.6 | −2.7 ± 0.4 |
| Posterior Cingulate Cortex | 16.1 ± 4.4 | 15.6 ± 3.4 | −3.1 ± 0.8 | −5.1 ± 1.2 |
| Parietal Cortex | 13.7 ± 4.0 | 9.0 ± 2.4 | −3.2 ± 0.8 | −2.9 ± 0.3 |
| Auditory Cortex | 17.4 ± 3.2 | 18.4 ± 3.3 | −3.0 ± 0.4 | −3.4 ± 0.3 |
| Temporal Cortex | 4.4 ± 1.4 | 6.9 ± 1.5 | −2.7 ± 0.2 | −4.1 ± 0.7 |
| Insular Cortex | 12.0 ± 1.7 | 10.8 ± 2.9 | −2.9 ± 0.3 | −3.6 ± 0.5 |
| Anterior Cingulate Cortex | 9.0 ± 2.5 | 6.9 ± 2.1 | −3.1 ± 0.3 | −2.9 ± 0.3 |
| Gustatory Cortex | 3.4 ± 0.6 | 2.7 ± 0.8 | −2.5 ± 0.2 | −2.6 ± 0.4 |
| Prelimbic Cortex | 3.7 ± 1.0 | 3.5 ± 1.3 | −2.2 ± 0.4 | −1.7 ± 0.4 |
| Infralimbic Cortex | 1.9 ± 0.9 | 1.7 ± 0.7 | −1.1 ± 0.6 | −1.5 ± 0.5 |
| Orbital Cortex | 7.4 ± 2.2 | 7.2 ± 2.0 | −2.3 ± 0.5 | −2.6 ± 0.2 |
| Primary Somatosensory Cortex | 92.9 ± 24.3 | 92.2 ± 24.4 | −4.2 ± 1.3 | −4.3 ± 0.4 |
| Primary Motor Cortex | 29.9 ± 7.9 | 25.3 ± 7.4 | −2.9 ± 0.5 | −2.7 ± 0.2 |
| Supplementary Motor Region | 35.6 ± 7.6 | 33.4 ± 10.8 | −3.4 ± 0.7 | −3.3 ± 0.5 |
| Secondary Somatosensory Cortex | 13.1 ± 3.3 | 14.7 ± 3.3 | −3.9 ± 0.9 | −4.6 ± 0.5 |
| Somatosensory Cortex, Upper Limb Region |
0.4 ± 0.3 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | −0.6 ± 0.4 | −0.2 ± 0.2 |
| Somatosensory Cortex, Node Region | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 0.2 ± 0.2 | −1.1 ± 0.5 | −0.2 ± 0.2 |
| Thalamic nuclei | ||||
| Thalamus | 9.4 ± 2.2 | 9.7 ± 2.7 | −3.3 ± 0.5 | −3.0 ± 0.3 |
| Lateral Posterior Thalamus | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | −1.8 ± 0.5 | −1.5 ± 0.4 |
| Ventral Nucleus of Thalamus | 6.6 ± 1.2 | 5.3 ± 1.2 | −3.7 ± 0.5 | −3.4 ± 0.2 |
| Lateral Dorsal Nucleus of Thalamus | 0.4 ± 0.3 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | −0.8 ± 0.5 | −1.7 ± 0.5 |
| Centrolateral Nucleus of Thalamus | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | −1.8 ± 0.7 | −0.8 ± 0.4 |
| Habenula | 1.0 ± 0.4 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | −2.0 ± 0.8 | −1.9 ± 0.6 |
| Mediodorsal Nucleus of Thalamus | 2.0 ± 0.8 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | −1.7 ± 0.6 | −1.5 ± 0.4 |
| Midline Thalamus | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | −1.1 ± 0.5 | −1.4 ± 0.5 |
| Anterior Thalamus | 1.3 ± 0.6 | 1.2 ± 0.5 | −1.6 ± 0.6 | −1.3 ± 0.4 |
| Hippocampal formation and limbic areas | ||||
| Hippocampal CA1 | 18.4 ± 5.3 | 15.0 ± 4.0 | −2.6 ± 0.3 | −2.8 ± 0.3 |
| Subiculum # | 4.3 ± 2.0 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | −3.1 ± 0.3 | −1.3 ± 0.5 |
| Dentate Gyrus | 7.9 ± 2.2 | 8.1 ± 2.3 | −2.5 ± 0.2 | −2.3 ± 0.3 |
| Hippocampal CA3 | 7.3 ± 1.9 | 8.2 ± 1.9 | −2.8 ± 0.1 | −2.7 ± 0.2 |
| Hippocampal CA2 | 0.9 ± 0.4 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | −1.1 ± 0.6 | −0.5 ± 0.4 |
| Perirhinal area | 1.9 ± 0.3 | 1.7 ± 0.4 | −3.0 ± 0.2 | −3.1 ± 0.9 |
| Entorhinal area | 9.3 ± 2.5 | 5.0 ± 1.0 | −4.7 ± 0.5 | −6.3 ± 0.9 |
| Septum | 6.0 ± 1.3 | 6.2 ± 1.2 | −3.3 ± 0.9 | −2.9 ± 0.1 |
| Basal ganglia, hypothalamus and basal forebrain nuclei | ||||
| Dorsal Striatum | 30.9 ± 4.1 | 28.2 ± 5.8 | −2.7 ± 0.2 | −2.9 ± 0.2 |
| Substantia Nigra # | 1.1 ± 0.6 | 4.4 ± 1.6 | −1.2 ± 0.6 | −3.2 ± 0.6 |
| Posterior Hypothalamic Nucleus | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | −2.9 ± 0.5 | −2.2 ± 0.6 |
| Mammillary region | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 1.5 ± 0.8 | −0.8 ± 0.5 | −1.5 ± 0.6 |
| Lateral Hypothalamus | 8.9 ± 1.6 | 6.5 ± 1.7 | −3.8 ± 0.3 | −3.3 ± 0.1 |
| Preoptic area # | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.4 ± 0.5 | −3.8 ± 0.7 | −1.9 ± 0.5 |
| Paraventricular Nucleus of Hypthalamus |
0.7 ± 0.4 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | −1.6 ± 0.8 | −0.7 ± 0.5 |
| Anterior Hypothalamic Area | 0.4 ± 0.3 | 0.5 ± 0.4 | −1.0 ± 0.7 | −0.6 ± 0.4 |
| Periventricular Hypothalamus | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.4 ± 0.2 | −1.5 ± 0.8 | −1.1 ± 0.6 |
| Dorsomedial Hypothalamus | 1.0 ± 0.4 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | −1.9 ± 0.7 | −1.8 ± 0.6 |
| Ventromedial Hypothalamus | 1.1 ± 0.6 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | −1.8 ± 0.7 | −2.7 ± 0.9 |
| Arcuate Nucleus | 0.7 ± 0.4 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | −2.1 ± 1.1 | −1.4 ± 0.7 |
| Globus Pallidus | 1.4 ± 0.2 | 1.7 ± 0.6 | −3.6 ± 0.6 | −2.1 ± 0.5 |
| Islands of Cajal area | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.5 ± 0.2 | −0.4 ± 0.4 | −2.0 ± 0.9 |
| Nucleus Accumbens | 5.1 ± 1.1 | 3.8 ± 0.9 | −2.9 ± 0.3 | −3.3 ± 0.2 |
| Substantia Innominata | 2.1 ± 0.4 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | −2.9 ± 0.2 | −2.4 ± 0.6 |
| Amygdala and olfactory system | ||||
| Cortical Nucleus of Amygdala | 6.6 ± 1.6 | 5.0 ± 1.7 | −4.2 ± 0.4 | −3.5 ± 0.9 |
| Posterior Nucleus of Amygdala | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.5 ± 0.3 | −2.2 ± 1.2 | −1.6 ± 0.8 |
| Lateral Nucleus of Amygdala | 0.7 ± 0.4 | 0.7 ± 0.4 | −1.7 ± 0.8 | −1.8 ± 0.8 |
| Basal Nucleus of Amygdala | 1.9 ± 0.5 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | −3.3 ± 0.5 | −2.5 ± 0.7 |
| Periform Amygdaloid Nucleus | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | −2.9 ± 0.8 | −4.5 ± 2.0 |
| Central Nucleus of Amygdala | 2.0 ± 0.7 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | −2.3 ± 0.6 | −1.6 ± 0.5 |
| Medial Nucleus of Amygdala | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | −4.5 ± 1.4 | −2.4 ± 0.6 |
| Anterior Amygdala | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 |
| Nucleus of the Lateral Olfactory Tract | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | −1.3 ± 0.7 | −0.6 ± 0.4 |
| Olfactory Tubercle # | 3.0 ± 0.8 | 5.3 ± 1.2 | −2.3 ± 0.4 | −3.9 ± 0.3 |
| Anterior Olfactory Nucleus | 2.7 ± 1.1 | 3.9 ± 1.1 | −2.2 ± 0.4 | −2.8 ± 0.6 |
| Main Olfactory Bulb | 0.9 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | −1.1 ± 0.5 | −2.4 ± 0.7 |
| Piriform Cortex # | 16.9 ± 3.6 | 16.8 ± 2.8 | −4.0 ± 0.2 | −5.9 ± 0.7 |
| Bed Nucleus of Stria Terminalis * | 2.3 ± 0.8 | 0.7 ± 0.3 | −2.2 ± 0.4 | −1.5 ± 0.6 |
| Midbrain nuclei | ||||
| Periaqueductal grey | 2.6 ± 1.2 | 2.1 ± 0.8 | −2.6 ± 0.6 | −2.3 ± 0.6 |
| Raphe nucleus | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | −0.8 ± 0.5 |
| Ventral tegmental area | 0.4 ± 0.3 | 0.6 ± 0.4 | −0.8 ± 0.5 | −0.7 ± 0.5 |
| Interpeduncular Nucleus | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | −1.7 ± 0.9 | −1.1 ± 0.8 |
*
indicates significant differences for number of voxels
#
indicates differences for BOLD signal changes (ANOVA, p < 0.05).