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Bacterial culture positive rates in bile (%) in various biliary diseases
| Bile | Non-biliary disease | Cholelithiasis | Acute cholecystitis | Choledocholithiasis (+cholangitis) | Hepatolithiasis (+cholangitis) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chang (2002)3 | Gallbladder | 17.0 | 47.0 | 63.0 | 70.0 | |
| Csendes (1996)4, 5 | Gallbladder | 0 | 22.2 | 46.1 | ||
| Csendes (1994)6 | Gallbladder | 0 | 32.0 | 41.0 | 58.0 | |
| Maluenda (1989)2 | Gallbladder | 0 | 43.0 | |||
| Csendes (1975)7 | (Gallbladder wall) | 47.0 (Chronic; 33) | ||||
| Kune (1974)8 | Gallbladder | 0 | 13.0 | 54.0 | 59.0 |
