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. 2009 Dec;331(3):1051–1061. doi: 10.1124/jpet.109.157651

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3.

Pharmacological blockade of PKA does not inhibit the ability of NECA or forskolin to inhibit LPS-induced TNF-α release from macrophages. Macrophages were pretreated for 30 min with 1 μM NECA (A and C) or 50 μM forskolin (B) before stimulation with LPS (10 μg/ml) in the presence or absence of H89 (10 μM) (A and B), PKI14–22 (PKI; 3 μM) (A and B), or Rp-8-Br-cAMPS (Rp; 0.5 or 1 mM) (C). Cells were pretreated with the antagonists 1 h before additional of LPS. The concentration of TNF-α was measured in cell culture media 4 h after stimulation with LPS. The data are presented as a percentage of TNF-α released compared with the LPS-stimulated control group. *, p < 0.05 versus vehicle-treated group by one-way ANOVA or Student's t test, as appropriate. n = 6 to 10.