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Ratio of M+1 to M+4 mass isotopomers of CAC intermediates. M+1/M+4 peak ratios of succinate, malate, and aspartate were determined by GC-MS and corrected for natural abundance using the method of Fernandez et al. (46). Higher peak ratios indicate elevated CAC flux relative to glycolysis. Values are expressed as mean ± S.E. (n = 3). *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01 for the comparison with untreated cells (white bars) or as indicated.
