TABLE 1.

Comparison of physiological and medium amino acids

Amino acid	Plasma		Culture medium
	Human	Rat	DMEM	This study
	μm		μm
Essential
Histidine	60–120	45–90	200	50
Isoleucine	40–105	30–115	800	50
Leucine	85–185	40–195	800	100
Lysine	125–310	80–285	800	200
Methionine	15–40	30–100	200	50
Phenylalanine	40–75	34–85	400	50
Threonine	70–215	55–270	800	100
Tryptophan	45–80	30–105	100	50
Valine	140–360	55–235	800	150
Non-essential
Alanine	220–610	220–460	0	250
Arginine	45–150	36–143	400	80
Asparagine	35–90	35–58	0	50
Aspartate	3–15	38–90	0	20
Cysteine	10–45	10–56	200	50
Glutamate	20–120	42–94	0	50
Glutamine	375–760	375–700	4000	450
Glycine	160–390	105–460	400	150
Proline	90–190	100–220	0	100
Serine	70–215	110–210	400	100
Tyrosine	40–85	30–100	400	50
Total	1876–3471	1875–3500	10700	2150
EAA/NEAA	0.39–0.68	0.30–0.66	0.84	0.59