Table 4.

Item Scores on the Childhood Autism Rating Scale for the Total Sample and Infant and Toddler Subgroups^*

Items		Age Groups
	Total Sample (N = 11) Mean (Mdn†, Range)	Infant (n = 5) Mean (Mdn, Range)	Toddler (n = 6) Mean (Mdn, Range)
Relating to People	1.5 (1.5, 1.0 – 2.5)	1.4 (1.0, 1.0 – 2.5)	1.5 (1.5, 1.0 – 2.5)
Imitation	2.5 (2.5, 1.0 – 3.5)	1.9 (2.0, 1.0 – 2.5)	2.9 (3.0, 2.0 – 3.5)
Emotional Response	1.8 (2.0, 1.0 – 3.0)	1.5 (1.5, 1.0 – 2.5)	2.1 (2.0, 1.0 – 3.0)
Body Use	2.3 (2.0, 1.5 – 3.0)	2.3 (2.0, 1.5 – 3.0)	2.3 (2.25, 2.0 – 3.0)
Object Use	1.7 (1.5, 1.0 – 3.0)	1.3 (1.0, 1.0 – 2.5)	2.0 (2.0, 1.5 – 3.0)
Adaptation to Change	1.4 (1.0, 1.0 – 2.5)	1.0 (1.0, 1.0 – 1.0)	1.7 (1.5, 1.0 – 2.5)
Visual Response	1.4 (1.0, 1.0 – 2.5)	1.3 (1.0, 1.0 – 2.0)	1.5 (1.25, 1.0 – 2.5)
Listening Response	1.6 (1.5, 1.0 – 3.0)	1.3 (1.5, 1.0 – 1.5)	1.9 (2.0, 1.0 – 3.0)
Taste, Smell Touch Response	1.7 (2.0, 1.0 – 2.5)	1.7 (2.0, 1.0 – 2.5)	1.8 (2.0, 1.0 – 2.0)
Fear or Nervousness	1.2 (1.0, 1.0 – 2.0)	1.0 (1.0, 1.0 – 1.0)	1.3 (1.0, 1.0 – 2.0)
Verbal Communication	2.6 (2.5, 1.0 – 4.0)	1.6 (1.5, 1.0 – 2.5)	3.3 (3.5, 2.5 – 4.0)
Nonverbal Communication	1.6 (1.5, 1.0 – 3.0)	1.6 (1.5, 1.0 – 2.0)	1.6 (1.25, 1.0 – 3.0)
Activity Level	1.6 (1.5, 1.0 – 2.0)	1.2 (1.0, 1.0 – 2.0)	1.8 (2.0, 1.5 – 2.0)
Intellectual Response	2.5 (2.5, 1.5 – 3.0)	2.0 (2.0, 1.5 – 2.5)	2.9 (3.0, 2.5 – 3.0)
General Impressions	2.0 (2.0, 1.0 – 3.0)	1.6 (1.5, 1.0 – 2.5)	2.3 (2.25, 2.0 – 3.0)

^*Item scores range from 1.0 – 4.0 (1 = normal, 2 = mildly abnormal, 3 = moderately abnormal, 4 = severely abnormal).

^†Mdn = Median