Hazard ratios for risk of death/cardiac transplantation in ambulatory patients with heart failure. Time dependent multivariate model with serial follow-up troponin T and BNP values (every 3 months). + indicates elevated BNP or troponin T ≥0.01 ng/mL or >0.03 ng/mL; - not elevated (HR, 1.0 for elevation of neither BNP or troponin T). From Miller WL, Hartman KA, Burritt MF, et al: Serial biomarker measurements in ambulatory patients with chronic heart failure: the importance of change over time. Circulation 2007;116(3):254, with permission.