Table 1.
Characteristics of study population by estimated GFR (eGFR)
| Characteristic | eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (n = 12) | GFR ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (n = 95) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 70.7 ± 4.7 | 66.1 ± 6.7 | 0.01 |
| Male, n | 9 (75%) | 58 (61%) | 0.5 |
| Caucasian, n | 11 (92%) | 85 (89.5%) | 0.5 |
| Hypertension, | 5 (42%) | 25 (26.6%) | 0.3 |
| Antihypertensive medication use 1, n | 3 (25%) | 13 (14%) | 0.4 |
| ACEI or ARB, n | 2 | 2 | |
| β-Blocker, n | 1 | 6 | |
| Diuretic, n | 0 | 3 | |
| Ca-channel blocker, n | 0 | 3 | |
| α-Blocker, n | 0 | 6 | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.9 ± 2.9 | 27.3 ± 5.0 | 0.8 |
| Mean resting SBP, mm Hg | 144.3 ± 25.9 | 129.4 ± 18.2 | 0.01 |
| Mean resting DBP, mm Hg | 69.7 ± 11.0 | 69.4 ± 9.5 | 0.9 |
| Mean resting heart rate, beats/min | 61.6 ± 9.1 | 61.8 ± 9.2 | 0.9 |
| Current/former smoker, n | 7 (58%) | 48 (51%) | 0.8 |
| Hb, g/dl | 14.1 ± 1.2 | 14.2 ± 1.3 | 0.7 |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dl | 104.3 ± 23.2 | 94.1 ± 10.5 | 0.048 |
| 2-hour glucose, mg/dl | 167.9 ± 77.7 | 129.5 ± 43.2 | 0.07 |
| Impaired fasting glucose 2, n | 6 (50%) | 20 (22%) | 0.07 |
| Impaired glucose tolerance 3, n | 8 (67%) | 32 (34%) | 0.05 |
| LDL-C, mg/dl | 123.4 ± 26.1 | 121.1 ± 25.0 | 0.5 |
| TGL, mg/dl | 144 [106, 155] | 98 [75, 119] | 0.008 |
| HDL-C, mg/dl | 41 [38, 48] | 50 [41, 63] | 0.05 |
| Albumin, g/dl | 4.35 ± 0.34 | 4.358 ± 0.26 | 0.9 |
| Aspirin use, n | 1 (8.3%) | 18 (19.0%) | 0.5 |
Values are given as means ± SD, number of subjects with percentages in parentheses, or medians with the interquartile ranges in brackets.
ACEI = Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB = angiotensin receptor blocker; SBP = systolic blood pressure; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; Hb = hemoglobin; LDL-C = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TGL = triglyceride. To convert glucose to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.05551; to convert LDL-C to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.02586; to convert triglyceride to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.01129; to convert HDL-C to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.02586.
At time of enrolment; all participants on antihypertensive medications received stress reactivity testing after a 2-week washout period without such medications.
Fasting glucose ≥100 mg/dl.
Glucose at 120 min following oral load ≥140 mg/dl.