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The requirement for ppGpp in the strength of σE-dependent promoters. The graphs show promoter strengths of the top 10 active long (A) and short (B) promoters under basal levels of σE expression during exponential (expo) or stationary (stat) phases of growth in either wild-type (derivatives of CAG45113) or ppGpp0 (derivatives of CAG55907; ΔrelA ΔspoT::cam) strains. The bars represent the averages of three independent experiments, and error bars represent 1 standard deviation.
