Table 3.
Odds ratios for developing pneumonia according to type of food given
| Variable | Cases (n=152) | Controls (n=2391) | Odds ratio (95% CI)*
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude | Adjusted† | |||
| Type of milk consumed | ||||
| Breast milk alone | 9 | 779 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Breast and formula milk | 23 | 563 | 4.5 (2.1 to 9.9) | 3.8 (1.7 to 8.9) |
| Other fluids alone (completely weaned) | 120 | 1049 | 19.0 (9.3 to 38.7) | 16.7 (7.7 to 36.0) |
| P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Fluid supplementation | ||||
| Fluids given | 149 | 2230 | 4.5 (1.4 to 14.5) | 1.3 (0.3 to 4.9) |
| Fluids not given | 3 | 161 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| P value | <0.001 | 0.73 | ||
| Solid and semisolid supplementation | ||||
| Supplements given | 97 | 1226 | 13.4 (7.6 to 23.5) | 8.5 (4.7 to 15.4) |
| Supplements not given | 55 | 1165 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
*
Stratified by age groups of 1-2.9, 3-5.9, and 6-11.9 months.
†
For sex, social class, family income, and maternal schooling, age, parity, and weight gained during pregnancy. In addition, each feeding variable was controlled for the other two.