Table 4.
Odds ratios for developing pneumonia according to type of food given stratified for age
| Cases (n=152) | Controls (n=2391) | Odds ratio (95% CI)
|
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude | Adjusted* | |||
| Age 1-2.9 months | ||||
| Type of milk consumed: | ||||
| Breast milk alone | 5 | 392 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Breast and formula milk | 7 | 169 | 3.2 (1.0 to 10.4) | 2.9 (0.8 to 10.5) |
| Other fluids alone (completely weaned) | 35 | 88 | 31.2 (11.9 to 81.9) | 61.1 (19.0 to 195.5) |
| P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Age 3-5.9 months | ||||
| Type of milk consumed: | ||||
| Breast milk alone | 3 | 212 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Breast and formula milk | 11 | 164 | 4.7 (1.3 to 17.2) | 3.4 (0.9 to 13.5) |
| Other fluids alone (completely weaned) | 48 | 268 | 12.5 (3.8 to 40.8) | 10.1 (2.8 to 36.2) |
| P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Age 6-11.9 months | ||||
| Type of milk consumed: | ||||
| Breast milk alone | 1 | 175 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Breast and formula milk | 5 | 230 | 3.8 (0.4 to 32.9) | 3.7 (0.4 to 33.8) |
| Other fluids alone (completely weaned) | 37 | 693 | 9.3 (1.3 to 68.6) | 9.2 (1.2 to 69.7) |
| P value | <0.001 | <0.01 | ||
*
For sex, social class, family income, and maternal schooling, age, parity, and weight gained during pregnancy. In addition, each feeding variable was controlled for other two.