TABLE 1.

Study sample characteristics (N=810)

Variable	Mean ± Standard Deviation or N (Percent)†
Age, yr	46.3 ± 12.4
Race / Ethnicity
Black	220 (27.2%)
Hispanic	267 (33.0%)
White	323 (39.9%)
Education, yr	15.3 ± 4.0
Household income
< $10k	190 (15.4%)
$10k–29,9k	219 (20.1%)
$30k–69,9k	218 (32.8%)
≥ $70k	149 (31.8%)
Weight, kg	87.8 ± 15.0
Height, cm	176.2 ± 7.4
Self-rated health
Excellent	139 (21.7%)
Very Good	227 (37.1%)
Good	291 (29.8%)
Fair/Poor	153 (11.5%)
Smoking
Never	320 (45.4%)
Former	251 (28.4%)
Current	236 (26.3%)
Alcohol, drinks/day
0	247 (23.1%)
< 1	275 (39.2%)
1–3	188 (28.4%)
> 3	99 (9.4%)
Total testosterone, ng/dL‡	438.9 ± 180.1
Free testosterone, ng/dL‡	9.0 ± 3.5***
Total estradiol, pg/mL§	23.7 ± 9.2
Free estradiol, pg/mL§	0.7 ± 0.3**
Luteinizing hormone, IU/L¶	4.6 ± 1.6***
Fat mass, kg	21.9 ± 8.3
Appendicular lean mass, kg	26.7 ± 4.1***
Physical activity (PASE)	193 ± 112***
Grip strength, kg	38.3 ± 11.1***
Walking speed, meters/s	1.4 ± 0.2***
Chair stand speed, stands/s	0.4 ± 0.1***
Physical function score (0–7)	4.2 ± 2.0***

^*Age trend, p < .05

^**Age trend, p < .01

^***Age trend, p < .001

^†With the exception of race/ethnicity, estimates are weighted according to sampling design (see Methods ).

^‡To convert nmol/L, multiply values by 0.0347.

^§To convert pmol/L, multiply values by 3.671

^¶Geometric means have been transformed from the natural log scale to original units for presentation. Sample sizes (N) vary according to missing data.