Table 2.

Educational Performance and Alzheimer's Disease in the ADAMS Study with a Series of Adjustments (Odds Ratios and 95% Confidence Intervals).

Group	% Alzheimer's Disease	Age-adjusted	Demographics and ApoE-ε4 allele presence*	+ Educational level in years †	+ Childhood SES, current SES, and comorbidities‡	+Literacy (W-RAT score)**
Educational Performance		Odds Ratio (95% CI)	Odds Ratio (95% CI)	Odds Ratio (95% CI)	Odds Ratio (95% CI)	Odds Ratio (95% CI)
Below average (n=46)	26	5.9 (2.0-18)	6.7 (2.2-21)	4.8 (1.5-16)	4.2 (1.2-15)	4.0 (1.2-14)
Above average (n=189)	11	0.8 (0.5-1.3)	0.7 (0.4-1.2)	0.9 (0.5-1.6)	0.9 (0.5-1.8)	0.9 (0.5-1.7)
Average (n=424)	12	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0

^*Model adjusted for age, age-squared, sex, race and apolipoprotein E – ε4 presence

^†Model additionally adjusted for respondent's level of education

^‡Model additionally adjusted for childhood SES (parents' highest level of education in years, family poverty (yes/no), family hardship (yes/no) or whether the father was absent) ; current SES (respondents' income and total current assets); and comorbidities (self-reported medical history of high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, and stroke).

^**Model additionally adjusted for Wide Range Achievement Test (W-RAT) Score