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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2009 Sep 22;42(1):17–20. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2009.09.009

Figure-2.

Figure-2

Role of aldose reductase in mediation of inflammatory signals. Cytokines, growth factors (GF), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) cause oxidative stress via generation of ROS which forms toxic lipid aldehydes such as HNE by lipid peroxidation. HNE being highly electrophilic conjugates with cellular glutathione (GSH) spontaneously or catalyzed by GST to form GS-HNE. The reduced products of GS-aldehydes, GS-DHN, transduce inflammatory signaling via cascade of protein kinases leading to activation of NF-κB. Activation of NF-κB transcribes genes responsible for various inflammatory pathologies.